An Empirical Analysis Of Agricultural Production Efficiency Of Jiangxi Province——Based On The DEA-Malmquist Index

China is a developing country with a big population. So agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and also the source of food and clothing of human which supports the development and progress of the entire national economy. The development of agriculture is very important to economic stability and social harmony. Jiangxi province is a big agricultural province and one of the major grain producing areas of China. So evaluating the jiangxi agricultural productivity, understanding its trends and influence factors and promoting efficiency of agricultural resource, have very important significance.Based on panel data from11regions of Jiangxi province in the1990-2011period, this paper use DEA-Malmquist index method to decompose the TFP growth rate and investigate its character in respect of technical efficiency and technical change. This paper estimate the average total factor productivity, and then break it down to technical progress, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The output variables use gross agricultural product of Jiangxi province, and the input variables use agricultural employees, agricultural chemical fertilizer, effective irrigation area, crop planting area and the total power of agricultural machinery.The results of this paper show that:in the period of1990-2011, there are three city of Jiangxi province, Pingxiang, XinYu and Yichun, whose outputs are effective. The second is Ganzhou, the input and output are effective except in the year2008. Through the analysis of agriculture of jiangxi province in the period of1990-2011, we can see that the input and output of most regions lack efficiency, and this indicates that high investment did not bring high output. Only in2004and2005, the total factor productivity of Jiangxi province shows growth.The effective utilization analysis of agriculture inputs show that nanchang, pingxiang and xinyu are in relatively optimal allocation of agricultural resources. From the perspective of effective utilization of inputs, effective utilization rate of labor is relatively good. From the point of scale efficiency, only jingdezhen and yingtan have increasing returns of scale, nanchang, pingxiang and xinyu have constant returns of scale.On this basis, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to reduce the input redundancy and improve agricultural productivity. Strategies should be taken to improve the technology of Jiangxi province, improve the level of agricultural science and technology, promote the agricultural talents construction,speed up the agriculture surplus labor transfer and land circulation, realize the scale effect, protect ecological environment, develop financial service system and modern agriculture.The first part of the paper gives an explanation of research background,the significance, main innovations and research methods. Then comes the related theory in the second partincluding total factor productivity, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist index method. The third part is about data selection and investigation of agricultural productivity of jiangxi province in the1990-2011period. The forth part is about problems in agriculture of Jiangxi province. The fifth part puts forward some suggestions. The last part is the conclusions.