Research On Logistics Distribution Pricing Strategy Based On The Perspective Of Supply And Demand

After the reform and opening up, China’s economy has achieved rapiddevelopment, at the same time, the logistics industry is also showing a booming trend.For most logistics enterprises in China, logistics and distribution service prices are oftenmade based on their past experience, so that the entire pricing process is lacking inscientific, systematic and quantitative analysis. Along with the intensified competitionin the market of logistics industry, scientific, systematic and reasonable distributionpricing strategy, however, will be the important factors that make the logisticsenterprises to improve their competitiveness in the market, and to develop constantly. Based on the above context and from the perspective of vehicle routing problem, thisarticle make an in-depth research on the distribution pricing issues by using the theoryof price elasticity of demand. The logistics enterprises can achieve maximum profits bymaking reasonable prices. On the basis, the article applies the Game Theory model toanalyze the price game between the enterprises and their customers.This thesis contains six chapters, as follows:Chapter one is the introduction, including the background and significance of thisresearch, the current situation of domestic and international research on the distributionpricing issues, as well as the content and the achievement of the research in this thesis.Chapter two is about the introduction of the relevant theories on the distributionpricing issues, including the Vehicle Routing Problem, the Demand Price ElasticityTheory and the Game Theory. In this chapter，we will make a brief introduction of thethree theories. First of all，we raise the Vehicle Routing Problem and introduce itsdefinition, classification, and some applied research and so on. Secondly, we introducethe definition, classification, influence factors and application of the Demand PriceElasticity Theory. Finally, we introduce the Game Theory, including its definition,development, classification and so on.Chapter three brings out the model of the istribution pricing issues. Firstly, weanalyze the cost structure that a car makes a delivery and derive out relevant costfunctions. Secondly, we derive out the profit function under different demand price elasticity by the economics formula that "Profit=Revenue－Cost". Finally, we make adetailed analysis on the different profit functions and study the pricing problem byexample.Chapter four is the expansion of the model. Based on the reality that differentcustomers have different demand price elasticity, we divide all the customers intodifferent customer groups. In this section, we will expand the model in chapter three.Chapter five is the price game analysis between logistics enterprises and theircustomers under the perspective of matching supply and demand. Finally, we draw thepricing strategy that the enterprises can get the access to distribute and make a relativelyhigher profit.Chapter six is about the conclusion of the thesis and provides several directionsthat will be studied in the future.