Research On Farmer Entrepreneurial Behaviour And Influencing Factors In Enshi Ethnic Areas

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy is the rapid development of the comprehensive national strength and people’s living standards to improve, and various social undertakings made significant progress.At the same time, however, the urban-rural gap widening,imbalance development of regional social economic and"three rural" issues have become increasingly prominent, building a moderately prosperous society is also difficultFarmers’ entrepreneurship as a way to effectively increase the income of farmers and drive farmers’ employment, is increasingly subject to the attention of state and government.To encourage and support more farmers venture is of great significance to the elimination of the dual structure, narrowing the differences between urban and rural areas, coordinating urban and rural economic and social development:On the one hand it can speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor force; on the other hand can promote the development of rural areas, promote the development of agricultural and non-agricultural industries.Therefore, the study of the farmers entrepreneurial behavior, explore entrepreneurial farmers general law is particularly urgent and important.Around this topic "entrepreneurial farmers", many domestic and foreign scholars have conducted research of all-round, multi-angle, deep-seated. It’s about the migrant entrepreneurship influencing factors, of specific farmers entrepreneurs and farmers entrepreneurial model,and their research with a larger theoretical and practical significance for farmers entrepreneurial activity.Existing emphasis on theoretical analysis and lessons learned, relatively few empirical studies,and lacking overall grasp the factors of farmer’s entrepreneurial behavior, and their research for farmers entrepreneurial region of better terms and China’s regional ethnic farmers how to start to explore was also less.China is a unified multi-ethnic country, due to reasons of history, geography and natural, minorities tend to live in remote mountainous areas, living and living environment is relatively poor and economic base is relatively unstable, people’s income levels are generally not high,economic and social development lags far behind the national average.Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei Province is located in southwest,is part of the18contiguous poor areas ethnic minorities in Wuling Mountain region, is the focus of national and provincial government poverty alleviation Development Zone, is the only while enjoying the rise of central China and the new region of the large-scale development of the western region of strategic opportunities in Hubei Province, is the main part of the Wuling Mountains minorities also the Hubei Province recently planned economic and social development of the pilot area.Based on this, this article in Enshi area farmer entrepreneurship as the research object, further explore the general rule of farmer entrepreneurship in ethnic minority areas.In the theoretical sense,the research area of Enshi farmers of entrepreneurial behavior and explore the special regularity of regional farmers’ entrepreneurship, will further deepen and enrich farmers entrepreneurship theory;it also can further deepen our understanding of the theory of comparative advantage.The essence of the theory lies in its advantage as a relative, it is in constant flux, as the conditions and the situation changes, the strengths, weaknesses can be transformed into each other.In the real sense, Enshi prefecture farmers entrepreneurial conducive to improve the income level of the farmers in the region to expand its internal consumer demand, is conducive to promoting the process of urbanization in the region, but also conducive to fully and flexibly countries preferential policies and to provide the basis for all levels of government to develop the relevant preferential policies.This article as a whole with a combination of empirical analysis and normative analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the combination of research methods,with the specific literature search method and logical analysis method effectively defined the meaning of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial farmers and combing the farmers type of business,also elaborated ethnic farmers entrepreneurship influencing factors and particularity of ethnic minority areas cf general condition or better farmers entrepreneurial activity; On the basis of questionnaire survey, according to the principles of scientific, systematic, comprehensive, feasibility, and constructed the evaluation index of Enshi region farmers entrepreneurial behavior influencing factors system, using the Logit model, empirical research the influence factors of farmers’ entrepreneurship in Enshi region.The empirical results show that entrepreneurial knowledge and skills, the main source of funds, the opportunity to obtain financial subsidies, credit support five variables affect farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior in the region was not significant,the main reason is that the smaller farmers entrepreneurial, and most of them are just doing small trading,"chipping away ".According to the importance of the size of the influencing factors of the regional farmers’entrepreneurship order, followed by:main motivation for entrepreneurship, business awareness, family attitude, attitude towards risk, age, market information access, tax incentives, organization of training, infrastructure construction, the influence of others, gender, educational level.Among them, the motivation of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship consciousness impact on the regional farmers’ entrepreneurship is the largest, followed by family entrepreneurial attitude as well as their own identification of entrepreneurial risk, again, is a national support and preferential policies for farmers venture, and finally entrepreneurs’ educational level and gender. The basis of empirical research, continuing to improve the entrepreneurial ability of Enshi area farmers,and focus on three aspects from raising funds, the enhancement of the quality of the peasants, and the strengthening of government business service functions to put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.Specifically, in order to ease financing pressures of the farmers in the region, need innovative farmers financing system, deepen the reform of the rural financial system, innovative farmers venture capital financing of new channels;To gradually improve the quality of the farmers in the region to strengthen the farmers’entrepreneurial awareness and the nurturing of the entrepreneurial spirit,accelerating the the farmers entrepreneurial model train and publicity, strengthen entrepreneurial farmers’ ability to process information;requires the relevant government departments in order to strengthen the service function of the regional government of entrepreneurship, do a better job in the administrative services, improve the quality of administrative services, continue to formulate preferential policies to support efforts to increase farmers’ entrepreneurship.Of possible innovative point of this article is mainly manifested in the following two aspects:First, the choice of the object of study has a certain particularity and representative.Enshi Autonomous Prefecture is a national autonomous region, while in the impoverished region in western Hubei, is a combination of the Ministry of regional ethnic and impoverished region, which has a certain degree of particularity.With the start of the Wuling Mountain of Hubei minority economic and social development experimental zone, the study of entrepreneurial behavior of farmers in the region, has certain referential significance to promote the construction of the test area; Second, the data used in the empirical analysis part of this study is based on the survey, and concluded Logit regression model, therefore, its conclusions have a certain credibility.Major inadequacies in two points:First, due to the complexity of Enshi agricultural and natural ecological environment, regional economic development gap between the level of large and traffic situation is not easy, this has caused great difficulties to the collection of data,at the same time, due to funding restrictions, only has carried on the key investigation to Padang and Xianfeng county, to reflect the current state of the Enshi area farmers’ entrepreneurship, which inevitably has some deviation with reality;Second, because of the the Statistical Yearbook caliber changes, as well as the relevant government departments of the business area farmers statistics is not very comprehensive, it is difficult to more in-depth and detailed description of the overall situation of the regional farmers’ entrepreneurial.