| Since the reform and opening, the economy of our country developed quickly,but during this process, the contradiction of dual economic structure of urban andrural is more and more significant, the gap between rich and poor gradually increase,this situation cause serious influence to the Social stability and development. Underthis background, the relatively backward economy of the rural become a problemneed to be solved. As an important member of the rural financial system, the ruralcommercial bank plays a key role in the development of the rural economy. Thus,how to improve the efficiency of the rural commercial bank, insuring its health andsustainable development, and make more contribution to the economy of rural is veryimportant. Efficiency is always the core problem of the economic study, it replace theindividual, the enterprise and the society’s degree of optimization of the Socialresource allocation. To commercial bank’s sustainable development, its efficiency isvery important.To offer useful suggestion to improve the efficiency of the rural commercial bank,based on our rural commercial bank’s efficiency as the research object, throughTheoretical and empirical research, this paper try to probe the rural commercialbank’s efficiency problem from the prospect of supervision, the profit and the risk. Ontheoretical prospect, this paper firstly describe the background and significance of theresearch, the research situation of this problem at home and abroad; and then, wedescribe the general situation of the rural commercial bank and three kinds financialinstitution in rural financial system. After that, we analyze the connotation of the ruralcommercial bank’s efficiency and its study method; lastly, according to the output ofthe empirical research, this paper raise suggestion on how to improve the efficiency ofthe rural commercial bank.On empirical prospect, this paper is divided into two steps. firstly, it usesMalmquist index which based on DEA to measure efficiency of16rural commercialbank in the period of2007-2011, after that,it analyzes the efficiency and it’s changingtrends between those sample bank. The result shows that the efficiency between thesamples is big and the efficiency value of this banks change quickly; and then, wetake Malmquist index as the dependent variable to analyze the problem of ruralcommercial bank. Through the establishment of empirical regression model, weanalyze the influence of the supervision factor, the profit factor, the risk factor to the efficiency of our country’s rural commercial bank. The result shows that:1. ruralcommercial bank’s ability to resist risk is poor, its efficiency value changes big duringthe financial crisis. The result of Malmquist index decomposition shows that, duringthis period, the efficiency of rural commercial bank is declined, and instead, there isan advance in technology between those samples.2. There is a Negative correlationbetween the supervision and the efficiency, which shows that the supervision imposesa restriction on the business development of rural commercial bank, as a result, theefficiency declined.3. There is a positive correlation between the profit factor and theefficiency of the rural commercial banks, and we find ROA make more contributionto bank’s efficiency than NIM, this shows that, Intermediary business should bevalued.4. The relationship between the risk factor and the efficiency is not significant.This paper considers that the reason might be the non-performing loan ratio decreasedto a relative low level along with the strict supervision of bank regulators. As a result,the non-performing loan is no longer main problem rural commercial banks faced.Lastly, according to the related theory and the result of empirical research, we raisesuggestion to improve the rural commercial bank’s efficiency from five prospects,which include market positioning, financial innovation, intermediate businessdevelopment, personnel training and risk management. |
