The Dialectical Unity Of Alienation Labor Theory And Surplus Value Theory

The theories of Alienated Labor and Surplus Value are two theory systems which wereformated in the research process of Marxian Political economics. In the "Economic andPhilosophic Manuscripts of1844", Marx criticized the defects of classical economics theoryand put forward the theory of alienated labor, as well as pointed out the practices of alienationlabor in capitalist society: the alienation of workers and their labor; the alienation of laborprocess; the alienation of human genus essence; the alienation of human. In the investigationon the alienation of labour, Marx studied the origin of private property and analysed therelationship between the alienation of labor and private property. At the same time, Marxgradually cleared that communism is the basic solution to eliminate the alienation. However,because Marx just stated the research of economics, the basic theory of classical economics--labor theory of value did not have clear understanding, and the construction of economicssystem was not perfect. The defect showed that the alienation of labor on the shortage of thequantity, also did not specifically study the production of surplus value, the realization anddistribution process. In addition, there were lack of an in-depth study of the surplus value rate,and the transformation from surplus value into profit, as well as the formation of the price oraverage profit.Aiming at the defect of the theory system, Marx did an in-depth and intense research ofthe capitalist economic contradiction in the later economic study, and gradually found andperfected the theory of surplus value to realize the transcendence of the alienated labor theory.The alienation of labor and surplus value are not two completely opposite theory systems, buthave a relationship of inheritance and transcendence between them. This consistencyperforms in the internal logical consistency, the overall objectives consistency, and thefoundamental principle of consistency. From the perspective of the history of economicthought development, This paper studies the relationship between the alienation of labor andsurplus value, and explores the transformation process, logical inevitability and historicalinevitability of Marxian alienated labor system to the theory of surplus value. On this basis, this paper discusses the practical usability of Marx’s alienated labor and surplus value theory.