Research On The "Alienated Labor" Thought In The Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844

Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 is an important text to study Marxism,especially the core concept-alienated labor of the Manuscript is the seed of Marx’s "two discoveries",which provides us with vital clue to deeply explore the historical materialism and the theory of surplus value.In Marx’s view,the main manifestations of alienated labor include:the alienation between laborers and labor products,the alienation between laborers and production activities,the alienation between laborers and their nature as well as the alienation between man and man.And its core is the alienation between man and man,including not only the alienation of the laborers but also the alienation of capitalists.From the academic classification,the former two alienations are empirical economic analysis,while the latter two alienations are the deduction of human learning,and the four alienations contain the logical process from the phenomenon to the essence.Marx uses the analysis and synthesis of dialectical thinking method,based on the pioneering demonstration of alienated labor,clearly reveals the essence of capitalism and all kinds of economic exploitation and unreasonable social reality,and makes a positive exploration on how to sublate alienation phenomenon.But we should also see that alienated labor thought also has obvious limitations,highlighted in Hegelian philosophical speculation and Feuerbachian humanism.In addition,the relationship between alienated labor and private ownership becomes an academic case due to the ambiguous statement in the "manuscript".Marx’s follow-up study of alienated labor has constantly reflection and amendment on the thoughts of the manuscript.But in our point of view,this reflexive amendment absolutely is not the "fracture" of Marx’s thoughts,but is in accordance with the Manuscript.Or in other words,that Marx’s thought is in fact consistent.In the Muller commentary,German ideology,Economic Manuscripts between 1857-1858 and Capital,Marx consciously abandons the humanism and speculative philosophy in the Manuscript,which makes this thought gradually internalized into an indispensable part of Marxist theory.The study of Marx’s alienated labor thought not only helps to understand the essence of the development of capitalism,but also helps to cautiously deal with some problems in the primary stage of socialism,which is conductive to strengthening the four great self-confidences and finally realize the Chinese dream of great national renewal.