The Study On Fiscal Transfer Payment System Between Governments In View Of Ecological Compensation

Ecological environment is the foundation of human survival and development.Since the mid-20th century, with the rapid development of China’s economic andsocial, resource and environment and population increasingly intensify contradictionsof social development, ecological environment destruction and pollution has becomethe bottleneck of restricting scientific development of our country.Majorenvironmental problems occurred frequently, time and time again to give us awake-up call: the ecological environment has become a scarce resource, must berationally utilized and effectively protected, ecological compensation is imminent, theconcept of sustainable development is deeply rooted in the hearts of the peoplegradually, and become the common pulse of the world.However, there had a paradox in the process of the ecological environmentprotection: the more deprived areas can’t develop, can only be free for developedareas to provide excellent ecological environment, while developed areas seldom carefor poor areas, providing them with good ecological services development faster andfaster, resulting in poor areas can only be in the face of awkward situation “holdingthe iron rice bowl rice”,“hungry a breath of fresh air”. Therefore, using theintergovernmental fiscal transfer payment system for vertical and horizontalecological compensation has become an inevitable choice.This article is divided into five parts, according to “the intergovernmental fiscaltransfer payment system to achieve the necessary means of ecological compensation-the current transfer payment problem-international experience for reference-pathoptimization design”the logic of relations, from a different perspective on theecological compensation under the background of the intergovernmental fiscaltransfer payment system is studied. Introduction to the first part mainly elaborated thepaper research background and significance. The second part, first of all, from theecological compensation and definition of intergovernmental fiscal transfer paymentsystem and so on, from the perspective of public finance of the five major theories ofecological compensation, came to the conclusion that intergovernmental fiscaltransfer payment system is the necessary means to realize ecological compensation. The third part expounds the existing intergovernmental fiscal transfer payment systemproblems. The fourth part through the United States, Germany, Japan and otherdeveloped countries’ transfer payment practice research and description, gains someenlightenment on the experience of ecological compensation in China, also laid theexperience basis for ecological compensation in China. The fifth part puts forward theperspective of ecological compensation for the optimization design of theintergovernmental fiscal transfer payment system in our country.Completing intergovernmental fiscal transfer payment system is theimplementation of the scientific outlook on development, building a harmonioussocialist society of the major initiatives, better for ecological compensation,ecological balanced development of regional, took to the track of sustainabledevelopment in China.