A Research On Human Capital Participating In The Surplus Income Distribution Of A Travel Agency

In an age of "capital hire labor", Physical capital dominates the enterprise production. Workers have no right to participate in the residual income distribution. They got wages paid to maintain the simple reproduction. With the development of knowledge economy, in enterprises, the importance of managers, technicians and other personnel gradually becomes prominent. More effective incentives for workers began to appear. Now it has been found that not only high and new technology enterprises have stronger dependence on talent, in normal enterprise the contribution of human resources is also gradually catching up with the traditional physical capital. Human can become a kind of capital and it has been gradually becoming the key factors of production in the enterprise. With the increase of value of human capital, human capital gets improved bargaining power. It has asked to participate in the share of enterprise residual income. In this respect, there are a lot of research results in academia. In some regions governments also allow the specification file of the human capital contribution and some real cases has appeared in practice. Human capital investment has been the trend of the times. But how to measure the value of human capital and how human capital gets its equivalent worth of revenues are hot spots in academic research which have not been determined. In the tourism industry, human resources are more important. Along with the rapid development of national economy, tourism is booming, In2012the national tourism revenue reaches2.59trillion yuan. The government predicts that in2013it will reach2.96trillion yuan. Although the tourism industry plays an irreplaceable role in the revenue of the national economy and spiritual needs of a growing national, our country’s tourism industry is still in the low level of development. We can see the phenomenon of low quality of tourism products and low level of tourism service. Tourism is a comprehensive industry. Relying on tourism resources and facilities, it specially provides transportation, sightseeing, accommodation, catering, shopping and entertainment services. It involves in scenic spots, travel agencies, hotels and other multilateral collaboration. Tourism industry is very competitive. Under pressure from revenue, sharing interest entanglements between agencies, scenic spots and other units become common. It is because that the partners who generate revenues through human did not have the equivalent profits in return. The author, through the case of Kabo travel agency, discusses a fair and reasonable allocation to provide solutions to the existing problems from the analysis of income distribution problems between travel agency and its various partners.The paper uses a variety of research methods, such as comparative analysis, chart analysis and deductive reasoning method. It combines theoretical analysis and practical application, uses both qualitative and quantitative methods. My Paper starts from the travel agency problems existing in the case, firstly reviews related theories of human capital and human capital to participate in enterprise residual income allocation and secondly analysis the deep reason of the problems. Then I put forward a solution by let each partner use human capital investment to share the residual income of travel agencies. To evaluate the value of human capital contribution, by comprehensive analysis of the existing various methods in academic and practice, I think that we can get rid of the bondage of the traditional method to evaluate the value of human capital by standing in the angle of the human capital finance. We can use the Commitment to income approach--through two steps which connects with each other. We can ultimately achieve the objective assessment of value of human capital. The first step is to make human capital investors commit the future returns of its capital and the second step is the adjustment and supervision to the promised amount. I use actual data of travel agency and the Commitment to income approach to improve its residual income allocation, which is a innovative exploration for the practical path of human capital contribution.The paper is based on the former research of human capital theory. I try to explore a kind of objective, fair and having practical applications of human capital value measuring theory and operation mode by designing a reasonable program for partners of Kabo travel agency to use human capital contribution to share the rest of earnings, which provide the reference of the practice of the human capital to participate in enterprise residual income distribution for our country. It will play the important guiding role for enterprises to introduce allocation factor of human capital and build up an effective incentive mechanism. It can also cause attention of people to the human capital, fully arouse the enthusiasm of human elements in production and effectively promote social production efficiency and the fairness and justice of our society.