Residents Income Distribution Effects Of Human Capital Research

After thirty years of the reform and opening-up policy, the economic development has achieved remarkable achievement in china, people across the country are now sharing the benefit from economic development, the income level of residents have also got significant improvement. However, following with the fast economic growth, the income gap of residents has become wider and wider from many aspects, and what's worse, the gap has more than the international police cordon. The gap mainly includes income gap between urban and rural areas, regional income gap, industry income gap and the internal income gap. At present, more and more economic and social problems have appeared because of the unreasonable income distribution, at the same time, the shortage of consumption, unbalance of psychology, waste of the resources and so on have harmed the residents'consumption level and life quality. In China, the income distribution has become an important problem to be resolved in recent years. In order to remain the income gap of residents in a rational scope, what should we do to narrow the gap? Only by looking for the cause of the income gap, we can fundamentally solve the income gap. Human capital management proved that human capital is the endogenous factor of the economic growth in western developed countries, and is also an important factor to improve the personal income. So, whether our residents'income distribution has some relationship with the existent human capital distribution? Whether the human capital has the same difference like the residents' income distribution? How does the effect that human capital for the residents' income and the income gap? Based on these problems, in this paper, we studied the effect that human capital for the residents' income distribution, we expected that we can find out the countermeasure to solve the income gap from the conclusion that we have researched, and the countermeasure can provide the beneficial reference for solving the income gap in China.In this paper, we used contrast analysis, inductive analysis, econometric model and other analytical methods; we did some empirical researches based on the human capital management and the income distribution theory. This paper mainly includes four aspects:(1) Researches on human capital management and income distribution theory, including the theory analysis and related methods used to measure. Income distribution theory is mainly about the definition of the income distribution and the determination of the inequality; Human capital management includes connotation, classification, determination and the classical theory of the relationship of the residents'income.(2) Analysis the different performance of the residents' income and human capital in different sides.(3) Study the relationship between human capital and the income distribution by the use of experienced data in our country. On the one hand, we studied the influence that the human capital level and the different human capital made to the income gap of residents in our country, drew a conclusion; on the other hand, we studied the effect that the investment in human capital to the urban and rural residents' income, the level of industry human capital to worker's income by the use of panel data.(4) Countermeasures. Based on the result of this study, this paper gave countermeasures to narrow the gap from improving the human capital level, reducing the human capital differences and other sides; at the same time, the study gave suggestions to eliminate the barriers which influenced the circulation of human capital and caused the income gap of residents.This paper contains these main conclusions:(1) Research of the residents' income distribution showed that, in our country, residents' income increased fast, but the income gap has become wider and wider, the concentration of wealth is increasing; within the urban residents the σ convergence almost not-existent, but the rural residents exist strong σ convergence and β convergence, in different times and different classification, income gap of rural residents showed different convergence characteristics;(2) Research of the performance that the human capital have in different types of distribution showed that country, people's investment in human capital absolutely increased, the level of human capital constantly improved, but there are investment bias, the bias is that the investment in the city is higher than in the countryside, the investment in the developed areas is higher than in the poor areas; human capital differences have σ convergence and P convergence, the eastern and western regions have the club convergence, and in the subsection convergence test they showed different characteristics;(4)Research of the effect that investment in human capital to urban and rural residents' income showed that investment on education, medical treatment, health care, traffic communication and so on has significant influence in the effect of the urban and rural residents' income, from the intercept, we can see that the developed areas' intercept are higher than the backward area, the eastern region's intercept are higher than the west;(5) Research of the effect that the human capital level on different industry workers'income showed that wage income is not only have directly proportional to the average years of schooling, but also have relation to the type of industry, the traditional industry workers' income increased faster than the administrative monopoly industry, but their initial income is much lower than the administrative monopoly industry;(6) Research of the countermeasures based on the human capital:first, the government should enhance the investment in human capital; second, the government should increase the investment in health care, perfect our country's social security system; third, the enterprise should strengthen vocational training, especially the worker's skills training; finally, we should eliminate barriers to promote the rational flow of human capital.The innovation of this study is mainly reflected in the following aspects:(1) Selection of the indicator of income inequality. This paper systematically studied the income gap of residents and the different performance of human capital distribution, it combined with a variety of statistical indicators to reflect the income gap and the distribution of human capital;(2) In this paper, the residents' income gap and the convergence of human capital differences have been researched and predicted. We used the method of convergence of economic growth to study the residents'income gap and human capital differences, to test their σ convergence, β convergence and club convergence, connected with the practice, we did subsection convergence test, we also did forecast for some indicators on the basis of the result that we have studied;(3) In the study of human capital and residents' income gap, we used the1981-2009data, through the segmented study, we can find out that different years of data will lead to different function forms, different researchers usually got different results mainly because the length of year they have chosen are very short, thus, they have got different conclusions, this paper supplemented the limitation in this area;(4) In the research of industry income and education levels of industry worker, we introduced virtual variable, built different forms of model, analyzed different effect of nature of the industry and the level of human capital, compared different factors for the income, overcome the limitation of the qualitative analysis, and provided a basis for countermeasures to reduce the trade gap.