China’s Sudden Marine Oil Spill Crisis Handling Case Studies

The ConocoPhillips "Penglai 19-3 oil spill accident" happened in 2011 was the first accident that was large-scale underwater oil well oil spilling in Chinese mainland in recent years, The oil spill accident has caused the water pollution of 5500 square kilometers, and caused a total of 1.683 billion RMB in the Marine ecological damage. However, in the process of disposal, because of the national lack of petroleum exploration and development of major event of oil spill emergency plan and did not start the corresponding Marine oil spill emergency response mechanism, which makes the ocean competent departments at all levels for oil spill incident information release cry out involuntarily, and lead to the disposal of slow procrastination was criticized. Throughout the practice of emergency management of the Marine emergency environmental accidents in China in recent years, although long-term efforts for devoting to Marine oil spill crisis disposal with the related emergency response force which has begun to take shape, due to the lack of scientific planning, the failing of management system and the hysteresis of legal system construction so on, a series of contradictions restricting leads to the formation of a corresponding national coping mechanisms have not been together, emergency management capability is always unable to meet the requirements of the development of Marine programs.The first part of the paper is the introduction of the background and the meaning of the research, and summarized basing on the arrangement of study home and abroad;then explained the related concepts and theories of oil spill emergency management this article’s second part to 2011 ConocoPhillips "Penglai 19-3 oil spill accidents" as an example, using the related theory of crisis management, then analysis our insufficient in the disposal of Marine oil spill crisis in our country. And again draw lessons from foreign advanced experience and put forward the conclusion of improving our experience and improvement measure in dealing with the oil spill emergency disposal ability.In the light of our country exists many problems in the Marine oil spill crisis disposal,such as the slow response in emergency, the lag of information disclosure, the unsmooth command decision and the remedial measures of procrastination, this article gets down to the "Penglai 19-3 oil spill accidents", basis on the theory of public management, governance, and draw lessons from foreign advanced experience, puts forward to perfect the principle and countermeasures of the burst accidents of Marine oil spill emergency response mechanism, such as improving the normative sudden sea overflow oil pollution prevention planning, early warning system and legal system, establishing normal and temporary combination of organization and coordination mechanism, building complete sudden Marine environment crisis resource allocation and optimization system, fostering the subject of diversity of sudden Marine environment crisis and personnel training mechanism.Through the research of the paper can not only enrich and improve the related theory of crisis management,public management,and emergency response from the theoretical level and conducive to straighten out Marine environment crisis resource allocation and optimization system on the practical level, reduce the oil spill accident losses.