Study On The Effectiveness Of Public Participation In Improving Environmental Impact Assessment

High speed development of the economy, in addition to greatly improve the people’s standard of living, has brought unimaginable environment pollution and ecological damage. To solve the environmental problems and relieve the ecological damage, the most effective measure is to control the emission of pollutants from the source, and the environmental impact assessment system is one of the methods. As a part of environmental impact assessment, Public participation plays an important position, which is able to make public know the important potential environmental problems resulting from the construction project, make the potential environmental risk on the unburned state possibly, reduce the negative environmental impacts and social environmental impacts caused by environmental evaluation errors.The objective of this research is to improve the effectiveness of public participation in environmental impact assessment, so as to improve the quality of environmental impact assessment, raise the public awareness of environmental protection, reduce or relieve the conflict and pollution disputes between the contradictions and public, prevent or reduce bad environmental impact, to enhance the acceptability of the project.The author designed “Questionnaire about the effectiveness of public participation in environment impact assessment” and did the questionnaire survey with the masses in Shanghai, then analyzed survey results by using SPSS analysis software. The results show that the public have a higher attention on hot environmental issues and which related to themselves, the desire of environmental protection are strong, but the lack of action. In addition, most public are not satisfied with the current work of public participation in environmental impact assessment, mainly for that the way of public participation is single, the channel of the information announcement is little, the feedback of public opinion is poor.Contacting the actual situation of public participation, in general, public participation in china has made great achievements. But it still needs to be continuously perfect and improve. The public participation problems including the following points: the relevant laws and regulations of the public participation aren’t perfect; environmental education and propaganda is not enough; the public awareness of environmental protection is poor; public participation in technical aspects need to be improved; the relevant government departments and public participation organizers credibility is not high.Through understanding of the current problems existing in the public participation in environmental impact assessment system, I screened the factors which influencing the effective of the public participation, and confirmed the weight of each element from public participation effective factors by analytic hierarchy process, and established the evaluation system of public participation effectiveness.At last, comprehensive problems of public participation, this paper proposed several measures and methods to improve the effectiveness of public participation, including the following points: improve the relevant laws and regulations of the public participation and protect the environment right from public; strengthen the propaganda of environmental protection and rich the mode of environmental education; perfect the technical link related to public participation in environmental impact assessment, for example, choose the public reasonably, improve the information disclosure system, diversified public participation ways, design the public questionnaire scientifically, perfect the questionnaire statistical method, smooth information feedback channel, improve the function of Non-Governmental Organizations and urban primary-level organizations; improve the credibility of the relevant government and public participation organizer, cut off the interests relationship between the EIA company and environmental protection department and improve the supervision on EIA practitioners.Through the method above, I hope to help the environmental protection department to perfect the public participation in environment impact assessment of Shanghai and improve the quality and effectiveness of public participation and improve the public’s environmental awareness, let more people to participate in the work of environment protection.