Experimental Study On Similar Materials Of High - Step Throwing Blasting Model

This paper was set in high bench cast blasting technical at Heidaigou open pit, analyzed the main factors affected the blasting result of high bench cast blasting, and studied materials selection and ratios based on the similarity theory, theoretical analyses, statics tester, model tests of explosion crater and high-speed video techniques.Ultimate, It is suitable for production of high bench cast blasting model of similar material.In this paper, the relationship of geometrically similar, dynamic similar and analogy similar between the prototype and the test model have gotten based on the similarity criteria from dimensional analysis method. Based on test model strength rang and summarized former research production, the paper set two kinds of mixed materials and their ratios:composed of cement, gypsum and gravel mixed with water and cement, gravel mixed with water. Based on similar materials and their ratios we have choose,15 standard samples were made with a required size of 100mm×100 mm×100mm, after the test for physical-mechanical properties, we gained their density, strength and impedance, and then 15 blasting crater similarity models were made with a 570mm diameter and a 500mm height, and they were divided into five groups according five kinds of standard sample ratios. After cured for 68 days, single hole blasting funnel tests were made with a 3.5g explosive TNT and a 165mm hole depth. We determined the explosive consumption of model 1# was 1.06kg/m3 and the model 2# was 1.17kg/m3,they coincide with the active situation 1.10kg/m3 1.35kg/m3 at last,we determined the ratio of model 2# was used as the ratio of model tests of explosion crater and high-speed video techniques, and the scale of cement, gypsum cement, gypsum and gravel and stone(r<7mm) was 1.00:0.45:3.82:3.82, the density is 1944kg/m3, the compressive yield strength is 3.93MPa, the elastic modulus was 2.15GPa, the longitudinal wave velocity was 1860m/s, Model of wave impedance 3.61×105kg/m2s.This thesis offers significant referenced value to further develop high bench cast blasting model, the distribution of rock velocity field on the stepped surface under high bench cast blasting, throwing accumulation and high bench cast blasting mechanical model.