Research On Ultrasonic Ellipse Vibration Cutting Working Head

In the wake of development in science and technology, machining precisions, surface quality and service life of workpieces are needed to be improved. With the emergence of difficult-to-machine materials, the problem of difficult machining of materials has become increasingly prominent, however the conventional machining approaches which can not satisfy the demands of processing. The raise of ultrasonic vibration cutting (UVC) technology can solve this problem very well, compared with the traditional cutting technology, the separation feature in the process of UVC makes the ultrasonic vibration cutting technology has advantages in many aspects. The simulation results show that the UVC can reduce the cutting force, stress value and cutting temperature, it’s beneficial to enhance the life of the cutting tool and improve the machining accuracy.On the base of mass domestic and foreign’s research on the ultrasonic vibration cutting technology, this project designed an ultrasonic ellipse cutting working head which was based on two parallel piezoelectric transducer. The main research content is as follows:Firstly, the developed history, the reserach status at domestic and abroad of UVC have been systematically summarized in this thesis. It alsow analyzes the developing trend of the technology of ultrasonic vibration cutting and illustrates the research purpose and meaning of this paper.Secondly, this paper introduces the basic knowledge of the transducer and the piezoelectric ceramic, makes furthre research into the the theories of the UVC techonology, analyzes the forming mechanism of elliptical orbit and summarizes the characteristics of vibration cutting. The design ideas of working head was described, and then the structural designs of working head were finished, at last the 3D model has been built.Thirdly, The dynamics analysis for working head are finished by the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, extract the natural frequency and vibration mode of the working head. Research on the factors which influence the natural frequency of the structure, based on the results of the analysis, the optimization design of working head was carried out.At last, the cutting mode of 45# steel which is coupled displacement-temperature 3D was created by ABAQUS, and the finite element simulation of metal cutting was carried out. From the aspects of cutting force, cutting temperature and transient Mises stress distribution, we design a comparison simulation experiment between the ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting process and the traditional cutting process. At the same time, the change rule of cutting force is also studied under different vibration frequency and amplitude.