Study On Fermentations With Cultured Cordyceps Militaris Residues

Cordyceps Militaris is a kind of edible and medicinal fungi which has similar medicinal value with Ophiocordyceps sinensis. It is regarded as a substitute for Ophiocordyceps sinensis. With the increasing scale of cultured Cordyceps, it will be a lot of Cordyceps cultivation residues after harvesting the sporocarp. At present, the cultivation residues of Cordyceps Militaris are mainly used as animal feed, but the amount is limited. About 50% of starch in cultivation residues is not used, which can be used for making wine. In this study, the cultivation residues of Cordyceps Militaris are used to make wine. Not only can it make full use of the nutrients and pharmacological ingredients, but also can reduce environmental pollution caused by the cultivation residues of Cordyceps Militaris.The optimal conditions for saccharification dertermined by single factor tests: solid-liquid ratio 1:6(g/ml), extracting 30min, adding 10 U/g α-amylase to react 10min at 90℃, adding 300 U/g glucoamylase to react 2 h at 60℃. On this condition, the saccharification rate can reach nearly 70%, and the liquor yield can reach 48%.In order to make liquefaction and saccharification at the same temperature, we reduced the temperature of liquefaction to 60℃. The optimal conditions were showed as follows, solid-liquid ratio 1:4(g/ml),extracting 30 min, adding 10 U/g α-amylase to react 15 min at 60℃, adding 300 U/g glucoamylase to react 30min at 60"C.The inoculum size of yeast was 1‰. On this condition, the liquor yield can reach 44.3%.The monascus can produce amylase, glucoamylase, protease. In this experiment, the monascus was cultured at 35℃ in solid medium, and then access into liquid fermentation with yeast. The results were showed as follows:solid-liquid ratio 1:4, yeast inoculation 3‰, fermentation temperature 28℃. On this condition, the liquor yield reached 24%.The liquor yield was low. The glucoamylase was used to increase the alcohol yield. The highest alcohol yield reached 53% with 300 U/g glucoamylase.Single factor and orthogonal experiments were employed to optimize the extracting conditions. The optimum condition of extracting:solid-liquid ratio 1:20(g/ml),water bathing 60min at 60℃. The total amount of functional components in Cordyceps militaris culture residues:cordycepin 2.127 mg/g, adenosine 0.684 mg/g, cordycepic acid 12.86 mg/g. After fermentation, the functional components could almost reserve in wine.