Studies On The Extraction And Microencapsule Of Flavor Components Of Shiitake (Lentinus Edodes)

This subject used the waste of L. edodes as raw material, the optimum extracting condition of L. edodes flavor, and molecular microencapsulation were studied. The results are as follows:1,2,4-trithiolane(TRI),1,2,4,5-tetrathiane(TET) and 1,2,3,5,6-penta-thiepane (Lenthionine) were used as representatives of the L. edodes flavor. Gas chromatography was choosed as the detection method. With each matter concentration for the abscissa denotes, peak area for y-coordinate, standard curve of TRI, TET and Lenthionine were mapped.L. edodes flavor components was extracted by steam distillation, and the optimal extraction conditions were achieved as follows:50g L. edodes powder which was crushed and passed a 100 mesh sieve, soaked in 750mL distilled water for six hours, used direct distillation device to distillate, and collected the frount 50mL, The yield of TRI, TET and Lenthionine were 1.0192%(mg/g)、0.155%(mg/g).0.4256%(mg/g), respectively. The extracts was analyzed by GC-MS,20 kinds of compounds were found, contained TRI, TET and Lenthionine. The extract was light yellow emulsion, the surface was contiguous droplets; the L. edodes flavor intensity was strong, and there was burning smell and Chinese medicine smell.L. edodes flavor components were extracted by the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction, by single factor and the response surface analysis test, the optimal extraction conditions were:extraction temperature 40.49 ℃, pressure 242.78MPa, time 2.1h. The essential oil yield was 7.487‰, the Lenthionine yield was 4.205% (mg/g). The essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS,17 kinds of compounds were found, including Lenthionine, dibutyl phthalate and linoleic acid. The oil was yellow oil droplets, had big concentration, odorless, emitted weak flavor of L. edodes flavor when dissolved in water.L. edodes flavor extracts was embedded by P-cyclodextrin, the optimal conditions were:the embedding temperature 60℃, the ratio of bark the core to the wall 10:2.0(V/W), embedded time 2h, the embedding rate of TRI and Lenthionine reached 53.26%,36.58%, respectively. The microcapsules appeared absorption peak in 756.0cm-1,712.3cm-1,529.3 cm-1 with infrared spectroscopy, which were cannot find in the β-CD. From observing microcapsule with Scanning electron microscope, the surface of microcapsules was the layered structure. The microcapsule particles were odorless. It emitted flavor when solubled in water.