A Comparative Study Between The EIA Systems Of China And Korea

With the rapid growth of economy, the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly worse. If the government of China is not modifying and perfecting the blind plans of development, if legislation and regulation haven’t been established, the consequences will be more serious. Therefore, China formulated “Environmental Impact Assessment Act of Republic of China” on October 2002, which is to promote the principle of prevention and meet the need of sustainable development. But in view of the effect of the implementation of the law, it still has many deficiencies.Korea formulated “nature conservation law” in 1997, and it is to ensure healthy and continuous development of environment. It has been further promoted through revision and perfection. The environmental impact assessment system of Korea has undergone a course of nearly forty years’ development since it was formalized. It has wide cover range, from single environmental impact assessment to synthetic environmental impact assessment of environment, transportation, disasters and population, and it’s contents are comprehensive and rich, it also attaches great importance to public participation. It has achieved demonstrable results, in the meanwhile, Korea is still constantly improving and perfecting the environmental impact assessment system, hoping to make further progress.The environmental impact assessment system of Korea is worth of learning in many aspects: legislation, range of application, public participation and so on. We could learn the advanced experiences from the environmental impact assessment system of Korea. Legislation should respectively legislate administrative plan and construction project. We should make laws on environment impact assessment which consider the environment, transportation and disasters. We could introduce the Screening system and the important evaluation system, improving efficiency of environmental impact assessment. We should also endow with civil rights of starting hearings to ensure that the whole people participate in environmental impact assessment.