Temporal-Spatial Characteristics And Factors Of The Haze Pollution In Shandong Province

The frequency and degree of the haze pollution is very high in Shandong Province throughout North China in recent years. There are many factors can explain the phenomenon, just like the natural environment, climate, population density, special period of economic and society. Meanwhile, the haze has the general and particular characteristics from the dimensions of time and space. With the enhancement of the awareness of protecting environment, more and more attentions are paid on hazes. And the research on temporal-spatial characteristics of hazes in Shandong Province is one of the most urgent problems to be solved in order to formulate specific policies for each city.First of all, the theory, origin and formation mechanism of hazes are introduced based on the previous researched as well as the concepts of haze; Secondly, this paper gives a brief summary of Shandong Province, including geographic location, climate characteristics, administrative division, economic-social status; And then, the indexes of hazes are calculated relying on the air quality data of 17 cities from Dec.2013 to Dec.2015, and the distribution characteristics of haze pollution are analyzed in detail; Finally, in order to make a comparative analysis of related factors, this paper establishes a Panel data model with variable coefficients on the fixed effects. In this model the haze pollution index of 17 cities in Shandong Province is the explanatory variable, and nine factors of economic-social development and weather conditions are the explanatory variables. The evidence can provide a theoretical basis and data support for making scientific and rational management policy.In this paper, the main conclusions are: Firstly, the incidence of the haze pollution is on the decline in Shandong Province, and there are four main material of hazes, namely PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2;Secondly, the haze presents seasonal and diurnal periodicity, and has the "weekend effect" and "the Spring Festival effect" in the dimension of time; Thirdly, the situation of the haze in Shandong Province has significant regional differences affected by many factors; Fourthly, the result of the fixed effect model with AR(1) shows that the haze pollution in Shandong Province exists time lag effect, the pollution in this period will impact on the pollution in next period, and we can see that the influence ofregions is different according to the fluctuations of time effect. Fifthly, the haze pollution in Shandong Province is influenced by various factors, and the affect of each factors are various. The panel data model with variable coefficients can well explain the influence factors for the reason why there are different temporal-spatial characteristics in Shandong Province, by analyzing the social economic factors and meteorological factors of the haze pollution.