Study On Risk Analysis Of Chemical Plant Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit And Safety Countermeasures

With the increasingly strict safety work requirements, the security of sulfur recovery process technology in petrochemical industry and coal chemical industry is more and more taken seriously and developed. Claus and its derivative technology is currently one of the most commonly used sulfur recovery process, hundreds of sets of mature operating devices have been built around the world. Claus sulfur recovery process through claus reaction converts hydrogen sulfide to sulfur, recycles the resources of sulfur effectively, improves the utilization rate of resources, reduces the pollution of the environment, accords with development mode of energy conservation and emissions reduction of circulation economy. In this paper, the object of study is level 3 claus sulfur recovery unit, which has short process, less equipment, compact equipment layout within the framework and makes full use of space superiority,covers a small area. In addition, material consumption and energy consumption of the equipment are lower by using the tail gas treatment unit of the nearest thermoelectric devices to reprocess tail gas of sulfur recovery, eliminating subsequent claus tail gas treatment process of the normal sulfur recovery process and saving the cost of investment and operation.Toxic, flammable and explosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and flammable liquid sulfur, solid sulfur exist in the sulfur recovery unit, may lead to poisoning, fire and explosion accident once they leaked or were lit, causing a certain economic loss, even casualties, polluting the environment as well, bringing negative impact to the society. Therefore, making risk analysis and safety countermeasures study of the claus sulfur recovery is very necessary.This paper firstly analyses three accident cases, finds out the causes of the accidents, summarizes accident experience and lessons, understands the commen problems in the actual operation of the claus sulfur recovery unit, to nip in the bud;then, introduces device process, analyses dangerous and harmful factors existing in the process, makes the identification of major hazard installation and the inherent riskanalysis, gets out that the level of major hazard installation of a claus sulfur recovery unit from Henan is level Ⅳ and the level of inherent danger degree of the main equipment, makes HAZOP analysis through dividing 14 nodes and obtains the analysis results; finally, sets up the leakage model of hydrogen sulfide from claus reactor, gets the sphere of influence and harm degree of poisoning, fire and explosion caused likely by accidents.Through analyzing the risk and studying safety countermeasures of claus sulfur recovery unit, this paper can provide some reference about safety production, safety management and accident emergency rescue plan, etc for the related enterprises using claus sulfur recovery process technology such as petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry.