Study On Properties Of Dralon Acrylic/viscose Blended Yarn And Knitting Fabric

With the development of social economy, the traditional textile industry faces many challenges. Thus, finding new materials, developing novel functional products and increasing fabric quality levels are of great enssential. Dralon acrylic fiber formed by Germany dry spinning with fine denier and special shape emerges as the times require. It is soft and fluffy and turns out to be a proper raw material of high-quality knitted fabrics. This paper focused on the properties of Dralon fiber and Dralon acrylic/viscose blended yarns, the dyeing technique, performance and design of Dralon acrylic/viscose blended fabrics. This will provide certain references for the market promotion of Dralon acrylic blended fabrics and further exploration.First of all, the cross and longitudinal sections of Dralon acrylic fiber were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Then the mechanical properties, hygroscopic properties and surface friction properties of Dralon were tested and compared with those of Japanese acrylic fiber. The results showed that its cross section was dumbbell-shaped. Compared to the Japanese acrylic fiber, Dralon acrylic fiber possessed better mechanical properties, greater moisture regain and larger dynamic and static friction coefficient. While comparing to natural fiber, it had lower hygroscopicity.Then, viscose fiber with high hygroscopicity was blended with Dralon acrylic fiber to improve the hygroscopic property and reduce the generation of static electricity. Five different kinds of yarns as following were tested: 18.5tex Dralon acrylic yarn, 18.5tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn, 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(50/50) blended yarn, 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn and 14.8tex Japanese acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn. The results showed that the breaking force, breaking strength and initial modulus value of 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn were greater than those of 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(50/50) blended yarn and 14.8tex Japanese acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn. The blended yarns were sorted in hygroscopic descending order as 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(50/50) blended yarn, 18.5tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn, 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn, 14.8tex Japanese acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn. When the hairiness length was over three millimeters, the hairiness index of 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn was larger than that of 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(50/50) blended yarn. When the hairiness length reached two millimeters and above, the hairiness index of 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn was larger than that of 14.8tex Japanese acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn.In order to study the dyeing and finishing process, 14.8tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(50/50) blended yarn plain weft knitted fabric was applied to two bath and two step method. First of all, Dralon acrylic fiber was dyed with cationic dyes, and viscose fiber was dyed with reactive dyestuffs. The variables such as dosage of dyes, pH values, dyeing temperature, bath ratio, the dosage of soda ash and sodium sulfate were controlled through single factor method, and obtained the parameters that affected the dyeing rate and K/S values. Then, three factors and three levels orthogonal method was applied to achieve the optimal dyeing process. The results turned out to be the optimal dyeing parameters: cationic dye usage(o.w.f) 2.5%, levelling agent usage 1.33 ml/L, 99℃, pH value 4, bath ratio 1:20; Reactive dye(o.w.f) 2.5%, sodium sulphate usage 50g/L, soda ash usage 20g/L, bath ratio 1:10. Finally, fastness to washing and rubbing were tested to evaluate the dyeing effect.In order to further explore the performance of Dralon acrylic/viscose blended yarn product, the fundamental wearing performance of 18.5tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended knitted underwear fabrics and the knitted underwear fabrics with similar gram weight commonly seen on the market were compared. The results showed that the performance like bursting strength, wrinkle resistance, bending rigidity, warmth retention property, dimensional stability and air permeability of Dralon acrylic/viscose blended knitted fabric were better than traditional knitted underwear fabrics on the market, while its pilling resistance and drapability were as good as the traditional knitted underwear fabrics.Therefore, two kinds of novel knitting fabrics were designed based on the characteristics of of Dralon acrylic/viscose blended yarns. One is for men’s underwear with the following process: 18.5tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarns and 75D/48 F polyester filament with cationic dyes as veil yarns, and 20 D spandex as base yarns to knit plating stitch. Another is for ladies underwear with the following process: 18.5tex Dralon acrylic/viscose(60/40) blended yarn and 50 D / 24 F nylon bag 30 D spandex to knit rib half air layer stitch. The basic foundermental parameters and wearability were tested to show that, the new designed knitting fabric for men’s underwear is thin, dry and breathable, possesses better drapability and thermal and moisture comfortable properties, while the ladies underwear fabric has better bursting strength, warmth retention property and heat-moisture comfortability.