Study On Water Pollution Characters And Water Supply Safe Of Different Kinds Of Water Sources In Harbin

The weather of areas in northern China is cold, the special climate characteristics and environmental conditions in cold water areas, so that the problem of water pollution is particularly prominent. This article takes Harbin city as an example, the two typical reservoirs in cold area-the Harbin Section of Songhua river and the Mopanshan Reservoir-were selected as the research object, respectively, for different section or sampling points of five years of water quality are analyzed.The Songhua River is mother river of Harbin. The water quality in Harbin Section of Songhua river is poor during icebound period, and the primary typical pollutant which effected safe drinking water was NH3-N. The concentrations of them varied seasonally. The reservoir had three typical water quality period, including the icebound period, spring flood period and summer stability period. We find that the change of NH3-N are consistent. The change of the two factors with significant negative correlation between the water temperature, Water temperature is mainly affect the content of NH3-N from three aspects. First, when the water temperature reduce, the standard about NH3-N which municipal sewage plant discharged into natural water will be relaxed in winter; secondly, at low water temperature, water will be frozen, ice can influence of runoff,at the same time, causes NH3-N concentration increase in water phase; finally, self-purification capacity of water bodies will waken in water temperature.The Mopanshan Reservoir is the water source in Harbin. According to the average evaluation, the reservoir l meet the water function area planning objectives during2012-2015. But in terms of monthly value, there are some water quality index exceed standard, and the primary typical pollutant were TN and COD_Mn. Spatially, both COD_Mn and TN showed few differences among the five sampling stations in the horizontal direction. And the COD_Mn wasn’t significantly correlated with sampling the depth, but the TN concentrations increased with the increasing of water depth in the vertical directions. Seasonally, both COD_Mn and TN concentration exhibited obvious seasonal variability and can be broken down into four major different typical water quality periods, including the icebound period, spring period, rainy period and the winter stable period. The COD_Mn concentrations were at a minimum in June and reached a maximum in September. And TN reached a maximum in June and was at a minimum in November or December. The change of TN is mainly caused by NO3-N which results from water temperature, we can release bottom waters during rainy period to mitigate pollution in Mopanshan Reservoir. And the change of COD_Mn concentrations is caused by surface runoff. The Pearson correlation coefficient further confirmed this argument.The Harbin Section of Songhua river and the Mopanshan Reservoirs two surface sources of Harbin, this topic from the perspective of water supply safety of ammonia nitrogen and potassium COD_Mn of seasonal phenomenon of excessive effective control countermeasures were also put forward.