Jinan Old Urban Spatial Form Of The Traditional Waterfront Residential Courtyards

Luzhong Area has distinctive features of nature environment and a long history. Because of these and the abundant humanistic resources, the traditional dwellings here are Jinan, a city which located in the mid-west of Shandong province, near Yellow river in the north and next to Mountain Tai in the south, is one of the scenery coexisting cities in China.Jinan is famous for its nature resource-spring. The rich spring water caused Jinan-a city in the north had the view of the city in the south. From the perspective of culture, Shandong is the source of the Confucian culture. Regional culture plays an important part in the mainstream culture since the ancient times. So, the traditional houses here combined the features of south and north. The courtyard space is special.Dwellings, the basic architectural style, are restricted by nature environment and the conception of construct. The spring let the citizen in Jinan has a different waterfront lifestyle. The mild and chilly spring water influence the conception of construct in Jinan. Therefore, on one hand, this essay tells the influences of the nature environment to the construction of the waterfront dwellings; on the other hand, the manifestation in courtyard space which was influenced by the idea that was built by the water.This article studied the characteristics of the courtyard space’s variety in traditional waterfront dwellings. Jinan old city traditional courtyard was investigated and studied for a long time. And it was combined with Nan Luoguxiang area in Beijing, Gong Yikang byone in Henan and the traditional building in Zhaibu village, Bo’ai County, Henan province. First, the distributed characteristic, courtyard space and exterior space relational characteristic and characteristic of the courtyard space of the traditional waterfront dwellings was discussed in the essay. Then, the shape of the courtyard space, Spring mouth, brook, the characteristic of the shape of the courtyard space around the lake, especially the inside of the courtyard and the waterfront space around it will be analyzed. Next, the features of the building facade will be talked from the material, texture and color.Based on these, the existed problems in the use of the traditional waterfront courtyard and the new troubles caused by the conservement of historical buildings will be summed up. Finally, advices will be given in this paper.