Study On The Eye Movement Fixation Characteristics Of Drivers On The Entrance And Exit Section Of The Nighttime Tunnels

Along with the development of the traffic and the progress of technology, the mileage ofhighway tunnel is increased year by year. Traffic accident data indicated that the accident ratiois very high at the entrance and exit section of the tunnels,majority of highway tunnel trafficaccident mainly related with driver.The drive for more than90%of all road trafficinformation get through the eye, Therefore, it is very important for the traffic safety to studythe driver’s eye movement characteristic at the entrance and exit section of the tunnels.This paper collected435typical domestic highway tunnel accidents in the recent yearsand the thesis systematically sorts out203tunnel accidents at night,this paper obtainedcharacteristic of morphological distribution and space distribution.This paper confirmedcumulative fixation time, average fixation time, fixation duration, pupil area and saccaderange as preferences of eye movement characteristic. We record eyes move data throughEyelink used in the experiment, analyze the driver’s eye movement of ordinary road,and theentrance and exit section of the tunnels at night. Using the regression method to establishmathematical model of the night driver’s eye fixation time, fixation times, saccade amplitudewith the distance to the entrance and exit of the tunnelsResults showed that at night driver’s average fixation duration in ordinary road wassmaller than that in the entrance and exit of tunnel. In the entrance tunnel drivers have thebiggest percentage of long time fixation duration and the smallest average pupil area. Thepercentage of cumulative fixation duration of drivers’ eye movement among different roadsalmost remains the same. When drivers were entering a tunnel, their fixation duration, as wellas the fixation number, slowly increased after a period of gradually falling. Their pupil areacontinually fell slowly. And their saccade rang kept increasing to a stable value. When leavinga tunnel, from the time drivers finding the tunnel exit, their fixation duration firstly fell andthen increased. Their fixation number firstly incresed and then fell. Their pupil areacontinually increased slowly. And their saccade rang kept falling. After left the tunnel, theirfixation number had a slight increase; fixation duration increased; pupil area kept increasingto a stable value; and saccade rang stayed stable. All the results provide theoretical basis toimprove nighttime highway tunnel driving conditions.