Evacuation Time Control Under Complex Building Structure

With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of urban modernization, many tall and complex buildings have emerged. The functions of modern buildings are more and more complex and people who can be accommodated are increasing. When the disastrous accident happens, how to be evacuated to safe areas as soon as possible is very important to reduce casualties and property losses. This paper pays more attention to the control of evacuation time under complex building structure. Consequently the casualties and property losses which are caused by poor organization of evacuation can be decreased. The major research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) The effect factors are analyzed by gray correlation and cluster method. According to analysis results, factors influencing evacuation time are analyzed by the place, occupants and environment of evacuation.(2) It takes the influence factors of evacuation time as assessment index and the occupants evacuation based on fuzzy gravity center in a teaching building is evaluated. At the same time, weight of index is made by analytic hierarchy. According to evaluation results, security level of this building can be concluded.(3) Based on analysis results by analytic hierarchy process, main factors are analyzed by evacuation simulation with orthogonal experiment in corridor-classroom building. The results show that occupant density, speed and the number of obstacles have bigger effects on evacuation time and the occupant density is highest.(4) The concept of artificial controllability is suggested and used for determining the degree of controlling experiment factors. The artificial controllability of these factors is taken as following order:the number of obstacles, exit width, occupant density, speed, the number of passages, corridor width.(5) The control measures are put forward by the exit, evacuation passageway, safe evacuation signs, emergency lighting system and safety management.