Miniature Electric Vehicle Chassis Dynamics Simulation And Structure Optimization

The power of the electric vehicle is vehicle power supply, and electric vehicle isdriven by the motor. There is less impact on the environment than the traditional vehicle,so it has broad prospects. The chassis bears the main load of the miniature electric vehicle.Most components of electric vehicle are connected and fixed on the vehicle chassis. It isthe main structure which bears the load, and it is the key part of the vehicle. So thechassis should have enough stiffness, strength and stability. And it also should havereasonable dynamic characteristics to reduce vehicle vibration.The stress state of the electric vehicle is complex, so it is difficult to design. In orderto shorten the development cycle, reduce the cost, improve the accuracy of calculation,the finite element method is adopted to analyze the chassis’s static and dynamiccharacteristics under three typical working conditions of full load bending, full loadtorsion and emergency braking.In the design of low speed pure electric vehicle chassis, firstly, the three dimensionalentity model is created in Pro/E. It is imported into ANSYS to convert the createdphysical model into the finite element model. Then, body frame strength is analyzed byfinite element. In structural static analysis, the displacement and stress of vehicle chassisunder the three working conditions of full load bending, full load torsion and emergencybraking are mainly studied. The results are analyzed and compared. And thecorresponding solution is proposed for local stress concentrations phenomenon of vehiclechassis. In the car chassis modal analysis, vehicle chassis structure top ten order naturalfrequency and vibration mode are extracted. And vibration characteristics are analyzed,which provides parameter basis for the optimization of vehicle vibration characteristics,effectively avoids the resonance phenomenon and reduces noise. Finally, vehicle chassisstructure is topology optimized. On the premise of meeting the deflection, strength,stiffness requirements, the volume is reduced, which making it be the smallest mass,achieving lightweight design.The results obtained in the analysis provide a theoretical basis for future research,and will promote the optimization design of the overall structure of the miniature electricvehicle.