A Study On Historical Experience Of Suzhou Traditional Private Garden Design With Climate

During the construction of traditional Suzhou private gardens, not only aestheticsand artistic conception but also climatic design was taken into consideration. When agarden was finished, the mini climatic environment was also created. In ancient times,there were no professional climatic design; instead experience and Feng Shui wereapplied to convey rationality. To build a comfortable garden with good mini climaticenvironment, temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind should be considered. Bycombining all the garden elements and structuring of the landscape, pleasant scenerywith aesthetics and artistic conception is created. Humans feel comfortable in anwindless environment of18℃to26℃in temperature and20％to25％in humidity. Ifit’s windy, the wind speed will affect people’s perception of comfort. Therefore, we canachieve comfort by adjusting temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind, andlandscape structuring of plants, land form, water and architecture.Starting from the big climate of Suzhou, this paper summarizes the climaticfeatures of Suzhou as humid, cold in winter and hot in summer. By contrasting andanalyzing the evaluation standards and application research of climate comfort, theauthor summarizes the suitable evaluation methods for Suzhou. This paper analyzes thespatial pattern, component and pattern of scenery, cultural importance and the impliedclimatic design principle of Suzhou garden, studies the mini climatic environment ofseveral representative Suzhou gardens, and finds the adaptive methods of climaticdesign of Suzhou traditional private gardens. Finally, the author finds the climaticdesign strategy for those areas with humid and hot summer and cold winter.The paper begins with the bog climate of Suzhou, and summarizes the climaticfeatures of Suzhou as moist, cold in winter and hot in summer. Then it discusses the relationship between human beings and climate and the impact of each component onhuman comfort perception. The link between comfort range and climate elements isestablished, which forms the overall climate framework. From the perspective of historyand profession, the paper addresses the adaptation of humans to climate.Gardens are one kind of compensatory method of human beings, and one of theultimate uses is to adjust climate. Based on this knowledge, the surroundings areimproved through passive designs. The principle of mini climatic design is hidden ineach scenic spot with cultural connotation, including names, plaques and inscriptions.This paper starts with the overall pattern and the landscape structure of traditionalSuzhou gardens, restores the adaptive principles of climatic design, summarizes theadaptive methods of climatic design, and provides landscape architects a comprehensiveunderstanding of technical support, adaptive strategy and regional climatic design.