Design And Experiment Of A Sediment Separation Equipment

Sediment deposition, which causes channel narrow and aboveground rivers, is the most important reason of river natural disasters. It is always a research focus that how to control sediment and make use of sediment resources. The harmfulness and availability of sediment are studied with Yellow River as an example. A sediment separation equipment is designed and made and its performance is researched. The main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) The harmfulness and availability of sediment are studied with Yellow River as an example, as well as the urgency of management. The research status of sediment utilization and sediment separation are summarized. The deposition model of sediment particles in gravity field and centrifugal field and separation principle of centrifugal sedimentation are introduced, which provide a theoretical basis for the calculation of sediment separation equipment’s main structural parameters.(2) The research of the design of sediment separation equipment. The calculation of sediment separation equipment’s main structural parameters is based on the separation principle of centrifugal sedimentation, mainly including the settling velocity of coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand in sedimentation area(laminar region, turbulent region and transition region); the radius ratio of sedimentation areas of coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand in different separation frequencies; the radius of sedimentation areas of coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand in specific frequency; the aperture and position of sediment inlet and outlet.(3) The experimental method is studied after the sediment separation equipment is made. It is researched that the influence of the shape of sediment collection ring, the height of the separation barrel, the rotational frequency of blade and the working condition of water in the equipment on the performance of the equipment. The weight of sand from outlets are weighed after the experiment. The results show that the best collection ratio of coarse sand is 82.08%, the medium sand is 47.66% and the fine sand is 52.83%.(4) The experimental data are analyzed after the experiment. The influence on the performance of the equipment of three factors, the rotational frequency of blade, the height of the separation barrel and the working condition of water in the equipment, are studied and the results show that the influence of the height of the separation barrel is the largest, the working condition of water in the equipment is the second largest and the rotational frequency of blade is the least. The best working program of the equipment is acquired by optimizing the experimental results through AHP with the height of the separation barrel is 1.2m, the working condition of water in the equipment is still and the rotational frequency of blade is 5.5Hz.