Compehensive Evaluation And Rectification Measures For The Traffic Safety Of Freeway

With the rapid development of the national economy, the sharp growth of the mileage of highway and vehicle population, the problem of expressway traffic safety is increasingly outstanding and more attention. At present, the number of traffic casualties in China is still keep a high level, the traffic safety situation of the expressway is still very serious. Therefore, how to prevent and curb the occurrence of expressway traffic accidents has becoming one of the problems to be solved at present. Expressway traffic safety assessment is an effective precautionary method for reducing traffic accidents. In recent years, there are many researches on the highway traffic safety evaluation at home and abroad, but most researches divide the road into different longer sections according to the distance or different place at first, then evaluate some sections synthetically and empirically. This method has defects, if the longer sections contain various linear index,it cannot be evaluated scientifically. The evaluation results can only reflect the traffic safety risk of the longer sections, rather than reflect specifically the traffic safety condition of the small sections. And the method is also difficult to identify the high incidence place of traffic accidents.Aiming at the existing problems at present, expressway is divided into linear sections, horizontal curve sections, longitudinal slope sections and curved slope combination sections in this paper. According to the traffic safety features of various sections of expressway, horizontal curve sections, longitudinal slope sections and curved slope combination sections are selected as the key study objects. Through the analysis of the influence factors of expressway traffic safety, combining with the characteristics of different sections, the comprehensive traffic safety evaluation index system about different types sections is established, and traffic safety improvement measures on different types of sections is also studied. To the evaluation matter element analysis model of expressway traffic safety, a method which combines subjective factors and objective factors is selected to determine the weight of evaluation index.Through these means, it can not only avoid the subjective casualness of the AHP, but also avoid the defects of the expert knowledge and experience by the entropy weight method. Subsequently, taking G78 expressway as an example, according to the different sections features of traffic safety, and combining with landform and physiognomy of various sections, some representative sections are selected as the research object. Two horizontal curve sections, two longitudinal slope sections and two curved slope combination sections are carried out traffic safety comprehensive evaluation by the expressway traffic safety element analysis model. By the traffic accident data from each sections of this expressway, shows that the evaluation results are in accord with the actual traffic safety situation. The evaluation method presented in this paper is feasible and practical. Finally, according to the evaluation results of various sections, the targeted measures are put forward.This evaluation method can not only evaluate the overall safety of road conditions but also identify potential traffic accident hotspot and hot section. That is beneficial tolook for dangerous sections and its’ unsafe factors, an according to the unsafe factors in the corresponding safety measures of improvement. The evaluation methods and idea has certain reference and significance for future road safety evaluation research.