The Spatiotemporal Variability Analysis Of Water Resources In Sanjiang Plain

Water is indispensable to human life and production of natural resources, and environment resources of biological survival. With the increasing of water crisis and the worsening of water environment quality, water shortage has become one of the resource problems of attention in China. To realize the sustainable utilization of water resources, play to the economic, social and ecological benefits of water resources is an important task of the current and future long-term. And analysis of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of water resource, it is the basis of sustainable development and utilization of water resources, is also related to water resources engineering planning, design and operation management of the premise. Therefore, the analysis of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of water is of great theoretical and practical significance.Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of water resources analysis can comprehensively reflect an area, time, space, change law, obtain the characteristic and their years in different areas, mapping the water space partition, can for the construction of regional water resources optimal allocation model and determine the regional agriculture provides the theory basis for water resources optimal allocation scheme, to perfect the theory of spatial and temporal variation characteristics of water resources analysis method and its application system and realize the sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources is of great significance, to promote the human-water harmony, economic and social comprehensive coordination development play an important guiding role. In addition, it can further combine meteorological forecast, flood control and drought, water allocation and forecast of the regional water, to achieve more scientific and reasonable plan.Sanjiang plain in the study area is located in the east of xiaoxinganling, ussuri river, west of heilongjiang river on the north, south to xingkai lake, the geographical coordinates: is located in east longitude 129 ° 30 ’~ 135 ° 05’, north latitude 43°50 ’~ 48°40’. Total land area of 108800 km2, accounting for 24% of the total area in heilongjiang province, is China’s important grain reserve base and commodity grain production base. In recent years, under the influence of national grain policy and the stimulation of economic interests, upland area of a large increase in the paddy field and rice planting rapid growth, the amount of water needed for irrigation farmland has been a substantial increase, which appeared in some areas of groundwater, water resources allocation is not reasonable.Therefore, from the view point of sustainable utilization of water resources and the development, the use of Mann Kendall nonparametric test, wavelet analysis, statistical and temporal GIS to determine the space-time distribution characteristics of the sanjiang plain water, for regional water resources optimal allocation and laying a foundation for reasonable and effective use of agricultural water resources, can promote the coordinated development of population, resources, environment, economy, and can promote the construction of water conservancy to the change of water resources, can in order to achieve the unified coordination and administration of sanjiang plain water, provide a reference basis for the protection of the ecological environment, the development of social economy and the country’s food security has important practical significance.Therefore, the climate tendency rate, Mann Kendal nonparameter test and wavelet analysis, geostatistics and temporal were used to analyze the spatial distribution and temporal trends of precipitation, surface water resources(including runoff), groundwater resources and total water resources based on the data of the Sanjiang Plain. Draw the following conclusions:The surface water resources: There was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2006, after then there was a downward trend until the year 2009, and then there was a downward trend of annual surface water resources series in Jiamusi and Hegang; but there was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2012 of annual surface water resources series in Jixi, Qitaihe and Shuangyashan.In 2009, 2010 and 2012 surface water resources is the most abundant, which in Qitaihe is relatively scarce, in Jiamusi is relatively high over the years in Sanjiang Plain.The groundwater resources: There was a downward trend of annual groundwater resources series from the year 2003 to 2012 in Jiamusi;there was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2004, then there was a downward trend from the year 2004 to 2005, and then there was an upward trend until the year 2006, after then there was a downward trend of annual groundwater resources series in Jixi; there was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2005, after then there was a downward trend until the year 2007, and then there was an upward trend of annual groundwater resources series in Qitaihe; there was in 2008, 2007 before the trend of rising after a downward trend in Hegang and Shuangyashan. In 2008, 2011 groundwater resources is relatively scarce, which in Qitaihe is relatively scarce, in Jixi is relatively abundant over the years in Sanjiang Plain.The total water resources: There was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2004, there was a downward trend from the year 2004 to 2005, there was an upward trend from the year 2005 to 2006,after then there was a downward trend until the year 2009, and then there was an upward trend of annual total water resources series in Jiamusi; there was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2012 of the total water resources series in Jixi, Qitaihe and Shuangyashan; there was an upward trend from the year 2003 to 2006, and then there was a downward trend until the year 2009, after then there was an upward trend of the total water resources series in Hegang. In 2009, 2010 and 2012 the total water resources is relatively rich, which in Shuangyashan is more abundant, in Jixi is relatively scarce.