Finite Element Analysis And Optimization Design On Seal Structure Of Vessel Under High Pressure

As a kind of pressure equipment which commonly used, high pressure vessel has been extensively used in modern industrial production and daily life of every field. Especially, after the industrial revolution, by reason of strong demand for industrial development the various types of pressure vessel emerges in endlessly, which provides an important hardware support for the sustainable development of national economy.Seal structure as an important part of high pressure vessel has a vital role in the overall performance of pressure vessel. As a result, the stress of the high pressure vessel seal structure analysis to improve equipment performance, prolong service life, and enhance the use function has the very vital significance. At the same time, this analysis of stress also has the role of theoretical guidance and theoretical support for the material selection, design, manufacture and reliability of the seal structure.This article via giving a brief introduction of seal structure of the recently related research results which has been done by scholars at home and abroad, and on the basis of summarizing the existing research results and inheriting predecessors’ achievement, made corresponding numerical simulation to the rubber O-ring seal structure by using the finite element method, obtained a series of data and the related conclusion which has value of engineering application. The main research work includes the following:(1) Through establishing the two-dimensional axisymmetric plane strain model of the rubber O-ring seal structure, using collaborative simulation environment of large-scale finite element analysis software, analyzed the contact situation of the seal ring and the seal groove and distribution rule of stress which in seal ring cross section, when the seal ring is in the process of using.(2) By analyzing the seal ring in the absence of internal pressure effect of equivalent stress, contact pressure distribution, and the change relationship between the compression rate and these tow, and comparing the finite element simulation results to Lindley’s semi-empirical equation, Wendt’s relation and the experimental data, verified the reliability of the finite element modeling method, obtained the rule of the peak contact pressure with the laws of the compression rate increased.(3) By analyzing the distribution of the equivalent stress, the maximum shear stress and the contact pressure when the seal ring was in the internal pressure effects, and how they related to the pressure value inner vessel, chamfer radius of the edges and corners at the bottom of the seal groove, obtained the vulnerable position of the seal ring when it is in the high pressure condition.(4) According to the analysis of the seal structure of single groove type, the double groove type seal structure was proposed, and it was verified that this optimized design scheme had a better seal performance only in the case of changing the size of the seal groove design, which provided a theory basis for reliable designing and optimizing of the rubber O-ring seal structure.