Research On Pre-modern Building Of Provincial Middle School In Shanxi Province

At the beginning of the nineteenth Century, as the Western Nations forces’ invasions, the Chinese nation had unprecedentedly experienced hardships and the great change during the pre-modern time. In order to turning round the weak and feeble situation, the Qing government also had carried out some innovation, education reform and a series of reform measures, especially the great change in education. By the forceful influence above, although the geographic location of Shanxi is relatively out-of-the-way, it’s pre-modern middle school education achieved a large qualitative leap, both in the concept and quality, especially the change of architectural style in the middle school which gives a deep impression. Moreover, it could be called a pre-modern baptism, and be more likely a turning point for the pre-modern middle school building development in Shanxi province.As it lack professional concern on the Shanxi pre-modern educational buildings, although some efforts had been made, and especially, the research of middle school building are also relatively weak. Therefore, the author specially selected a representative subject in pre-modern Shanxi Province,"provincial middle school building" as the research object; In this paper, author making the development of pre-modern education history of Shanxi as the background, from the perspectives of building history and theory, through looking into the relevant information, and some sorting and analysis work, found that the development of Shanxi provincial secondary school buildings were generally according to the certain rule:occupying the old buildings, rebuilding the old ones, expanding and creating new buildings; In the latter part of the paper, the author selected some typical provincial secondary school buildings for instances, especially the " The third provincial middle school buildings", and then,from the construction background, site selection, planning, building facade and the decorative perspectives, expounded the particular pre-modern architectural style in Shanxi provincial secondary schools.During the research above, the author found that the pre-modern Shanxi provincial secondary school in the early time of development, since the occupation of the old local school, influenced by the old buildings, the space was relatively closed and narrow, in addition, the shape, layout and decoration were full of Chinese classical feudal traditional characteristics. From the overall development of Shanxi pre-modern educational architecture, it could be called the transitional architectural style; And then, at the beginning of the Republic of China, the Shanxi provincial secondary school ushered in the development of the peak, the buildings mostly showed an attitude of active acceptance and an emotion of absorption of foreign architectural culture, whatever on it’s flat, vertical surface, decorative style. Definitely, the buildings were based on the Chinese traditional architectural style, and more or less absorbed into the culture elements of Western architecture. In the process of observing, author seems to feel a kind of game or collision between the western architectural spirit and Chinese elements. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the development of Shanxi pre-modern middle school fell into it’s trough quickly. Absolutely, in the environment of war and other negative factors, probably due to a serious shortage of fund, and considering the influence of reality of the day, although the provincial middle school buildings maintained both the Chinese and Western architectural characteristics, exhibited a relatively simple architectural style.On the basis of the work above, the author thinks that the development of pre-modern Shanxi provincial middle school is closely related to the dramatically changing history of the time; And also, the development can walk in the forefront of the whole country of the day due to its special geographical position and the power of Yan Xishan’s personal ideology directly and profoundly; If there were no devastating blow of the war, the development of Shanxi pre-modern school buildings, perhaps even could give us more amazing and wonderful cases of architecture.The author hopes that this paper will make a reference and contribution to the study of pre-modern school building in Shanxi province.