Study On Safe Evacuation In Large Hospital Fires

With the social and economic development, social health level gradually increased, the function of the progressive development of large hospital set for treatment, personnel training, scientific research and social prevention, care, and other four functions in one multi-functional complex machine, and because large Hospital as a centralized place where patients, patients and the large number of accompanying persons, in the event of fire, casualties and property losses.Therefore, to carry out large-scale evacuation of the hospital to understand the different types of fire during the evacuation of personnel rules, the hospital building to carry out performance-based fire design to better meet the requirements of the hospital building fire protection design.This article first hospital in Shenyang City, the staff at a large walking speed and occupant density behavior characteristics such as staff conducted a field observation data and data collection, and different types of hospital personnel were evacuated survey of decision-making behavior, using SPSS statistical analysis software chi-square analysis, hypothesis testing, and curve estimation analysis of the hospital staffs gender, age, physical condition and status of personnel density associated with walking speed and their relationship; analysis of decision-making behavior by staff, who also obtained the majority of patients in emergencies, can not be rational to select the correct way to deal with, thus affecting the evacuation operations. In the face of emergency, sick and elderly and other vulnerable groups prone to "loss","panic"and other behavioral characteristics, showing a significant "herd behavior " and "inertial behavior " and so on.With hospital staff collected walking speed, the evacuation decision-making behavior and other data, further use of FDS+Evac software to simulate large-scale hospital evacuation during fire behavior characteristics, focus on the fire on the impact of evacuation, the results show that:environmental effects with and without fire evacuation simulation results compared to the high temperature of the fire environment, and irritating smoke, reduced visibility and other factors will reduce the operational capacity of staff to change the population of the evacuation route of choice, leading to the actual completion of the crowd RSET extended evacuation time; compare different types of staff and patients that the normal evacuation of personnel actions, analyzes the results of that physical condition and evacuation of personnel decision-making reaction time led to the evacuation completion time is a decisive factor in the speed; on the evacuation of different structures in the form of evacuation Were studied to analyze the different exit width on evacuation caused by evacuation of the beneficial or harmful factors; Construction of the building users familiarity with the different characteristics of behavior under the evacuation, the results show that:people on the export of familiarity plays a big role on the escape; Since most patients tend to choose more familiar with the hospital main entrance (South Gate) were evacuated, conformity with psychological factors, those who are familiar with higher levels of congestion often occurs near the exit phenomenon. Through the strengthening of guidance and advocacy to increase the export of well-known people of different levels and availability, can effectively improve the overall evacuation efficiency and reduce the risk of congestion levels and other phenomena.The conclusions are to improve the efficiency of the evacuation of large hospitals and large hospitals have a certain performance-based fire design of the guiding role of science.