The Building Investigation And Research Of Main Countyard Of Family Qu In Qixian Of Shanxi Province

The courtyard of Family Qu is located in Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, was built in the Qianlong period of the Qing dynasty. It has been nearly300years. It is a very distinctive traditional dwelling and the important heritage site under state protection in the Jinzhong area of Shanxi Province. There are five characteristic yards in the building group. They are parapet wall hollow brick yard、Xi Tai yard、Pai Lou yard、 five into the hall-style yard、stone carving handrail yard. Their primary feature has five aspects, in the first place, architectural appearance of the main yard is castle-like, the top of a wall of the parapet wall is crenel type, they make that all yard is tall、 queenly、solemn and magnificent. Secondly, the yard’s shape and structure most is two or three into an east and west yard to build, the most characteristic shape and structure is five in the courtyard, this technique is very rare. Thirdly, the relation of the orderly yard"s combination also is a characteristic, among them, Lan Gan yard、Tong Lou yard、Xi Tai yard and Ming Lou yard, they are very skillfully group; stone carving handrail yard、five into the hall-style yard、Pai Lou yard、Xi Tai yard、parapet wall hollow brick yard, they are well-proportioned. Fourthly, Xuan Shan Ding XieShan Ding、Juan Peng Ding and Ying Shan Ding, they are very different about their shape. Fifth, the type of doorway、door-building and window is different, their craft is very exquisite. The sculpture of the brick and wood is terrific, The sculpture of the inscribed boards、horizontal couplets and stone base has also been exquisite and earnest. The outside and inside of the room have all kinds of sculptures and colored drawings, they are magnificent and solemn.This article obtains from the natural environment、culture features in the Qixian of Jinzhong area、dwellings details、the family’s history of the courtyard of the Family Qu、the site of the courtyard of Family Qu and so on. It firstly research and analyze the main courtyard layout characteristics, and then it research from the roof、walls、 Windows、stairs、 threshold、partition door leaf、stone、wood carvings、brick carvings、stone carvings、colored drawing、heating and other main aspects. Moreover, this article studies structure characteristics and artistic shape for the main courtyard. Finally, through the analysis result of the main courtyard, several places in that yard need to repair. And then the article can analyze the protection and inheritance for the main courtyard of Family Qu from four aspects--"static"、"tourism resource"、"commercial"、"culture".Whether it is a single study from the perspective of the building itself, or from the perspective of research related to the artistic value, the courtyard of Family Qu is very valuable for significance of modern architectural research and mirror. Hope that the research on the building of the investigation and analysis of the protection of the building and repair in the future, or on the art value of appreciation, can play a certain reference function.