Research On The Courtyard Space Of Henan Traditional Folk Dwellings Based On Space Syntax Theory

Henan traditional dwellings have its unique architectural forms. They are the precious cultural heritages which not only record the vernacular constructional experience, but also reflect the aesthetic and humanistic spirit of local people. Based on the theory of “Space Syntax”, this thesis makes network analysis of the combination of the courtyard with a quantitative method, taking Liu’s Dwelling House, Kang Baiwan Manor, Former Site of the CPC Central Hubei-Henan-Anhui Branch(which was originally build as a dwelling house by Yiwu Liu) and Ma Piyao Mansion as examples. The research also distills the common topological features of this four dwelling houses, making a scientific description of the traditional culture.The study found that Henan traditional dwelling courtyard has a rich hierarchy and complete system in space organization, which ensures infiltration fusion in the neighborhood space, at the same time, ensures the privacy of each courtyard. In the meantime, different space has different architectural feature:1. The Integration degree of traditional dwellings courtyard space is between 0.4 to 1.4, the hub or the main traffic axis of the courtyard have a higher overall integration degree. 2. The integration degree of sub courtyard in the house shows the increasing or decreasing gradient change trend, in general, the overall integration degree of the backyard is higher than the front yard. 3. Different sub courtyard with different functions have different visual clustering degree: the front courtyard of hall has low visual clustering degree, while the front courtyard of backyard principal room has higher visual clustering degree.These results provide a scientific basis for the grasp of the characteristic of traditional dwellings courtyard space. In this paper, the convex space integration analysis diagram and visual analysis diagram not only reflect the subjective feeling of people in the courtyard, also reflect the rules of different activities in the house. These rules reveal a kind of “hidden order” of traditional residential culture, which makes the whole courtyard space a functioning system, meanwhile, the lines of everyday activities of the house owner are interweaved in it.In the end, the article puts forward the ideas about how to use these topological characteristics scientifically:1. Adjust the layout of courtyard space and architecture, making the overall and local integration degree of the courtyard appropriate to its function. 2. Use the gradient of integration to increase the level feels of the courtyard. 3. Enrich the change of visual integration degree and visual clustering degree to achieve the desired effect that different position with different scene.