The Simulation And Research Of Bus Stopping Based On Cellular Automata Modeling

With the acceleration of urbanization, the vehicle population growth rapidly in major cities, which makes traffic problems seriously. Regular bus service as one of the effective means to alleviate the city’s traffic problems, which is attached important to the people. The bus stop is an important node in the bus network, which not only affects the efficiency of the bus service, but also restricts the normal operation of the road traffic flow. The vehicles need to stop in the bus stops to complete passengers transporting, which is bound to cause interference with other vehicles, affecting traffic flow.Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the behavior of bus stop carefully. To study the bus stopping on the impact of road traffic flow, by constructing a bus stopping model close to the actual situation. It is significant to improve road traffic operation and ease congestion.Firstly, this paper reviews the bus operation, stop model and the impact of road traffic research domestic and foreign, laying a theoretical foundation for the paper. On the basis of literature review, the paper overview the bus stops classification, combining bus stops microscopic processes and analyzing the factors affecting road traffic operation qualitatively.Secondly, this paper selects harbor and straight type bus stop of the Fuzhou and Xi’an city as the research object. Collecting and analyzing the characteristic data of bus stopping behavior from traffic flow(Q), speed of traffic flow(V), bus ratio of traffic flow(Rb), bus stopping ratio(Rbus), bus stop time(Tbus) distribution, passenger drop time(Tcj) distribution and stop delay(Tyw) distribution.Thirdly, build the bus stopping model using cellular automata, with one-way multi-channel queuing theory as the core bus stopping rules. Combined with survey data to determine the model parameter calibration and verify the reliability of the bus stop model. The simulation model built by MATLAB programming to study the rate of the bus stopping and the impact of long bus stopping on traffic flow.Finally, based on the conclusions of simulation, the paper presents measures about bus routes adjustment, setting primary- secondary docking stations to reduce the impact of the bus stopping on the traffic flow. Analyzing the effect of different measures quantitatively through the model simulation. Results show that: ① For the bus bay, the proportion of the bus in the traffic flow is not higher than 7% as much as possible on the road line number distribution. ② By setting the main-auxiliary bus bay, the bus stopping delay can be effectively reduced, when the proportion of the bus in the traffic flow is over 8%.