Xi’an Chanba National Wetland Park Habitat Types And Plant Design Countermeasures

Recently, the urbanization has developed rapidly in northwest of China, but its fragile ecological environment condition also has brought enormous pressure and constraints to urbanization construction, especially in terms of water resource scarcity in arid zones, weakness of ecological environment, conflict in urbanization and urban ecological environment. Urban Wetland Park is an important part of urban green space system, and it is also an artificial habitat unit with important ecological significance. Plant as an important element of City Wetland Park, not only has multiple ecological functions, but also has important landscape significance. However, content created by plants habitats and design techniques tend to be monotonous in the current design of urban wetland plant communities, it is not inquired in the choice and use of plant varieties combined with site habitats legitimately.Therefore, this article focuses on the Chanba River wetland habitats and plant communities design method studies, with Chanba National Wetland habitats and plant community as the research object, Combined with theoretical research and field observation, Xi’an Chanba National Wetland Habitat can be divided into six kinds of habitat types, namely the sun xerophytic habitat, sun wet habitats, sun water habitat, shade xerophytic habitat, shade wet habitats, shade water habitat. Observing eight kinds of plant communities of Xi’an Chanba National Wetland Plant Community Planning and Design in the built environment, it can be found that the basic status of plant communities in line with the planning and design. It can use naturally degree(ecological indicators), the health degree(physiological indicators), viewing degree(morphological index) to characterize their seasonal growth state. The study find that eight kinds of plant communities have clear seasonal characteristics, basically showing the trends that spring and summer landscape is better, winter landscape is the worst. Through observing the four major growth environment habitat factors of the plant communities and analyzing the habitat factors of three different communities types of sun xerophytic habitat,it can be found that the increasing relative humidity and soil moisture conducive to the growth of plant communities in sun xerophytic habitat. The plant communities of air and soil with relatively low temperature have more favorable growth conditions. Making three countermeasures for Plant communities and habitats adaptive design based on the current problems of plant communities after construction of Xi’an Chanba National Wetland. Suitable for Chanba wetland communities mode is recommended in order to play a guiding role in the future design.This study by the national natural science fund project "northwest of urban green space create a habitat model and the design method of adaptive research"(51278410 / E080203) and "livable city environment design theory and method of landscape architecture microclimate adaptability"(No. 51338007).