Research And Case Analysis Of Macro And Micro Location Design Of Wind Farm In Plain And Mountainous Area

With the continuous improvement of energy saving and environmental protection awareness in whole society, and people’s gradually strengthened demand on green and low carbon resources in recent years, wind power generation has been valued in the new energy industry as a comparatively mature method to generating that can be commercial developed. In China, wind power generation has been developed rapidly due to its great benefits on environmental protection field and policy support in new energy and renewable energy source industry.Macro and micro location of the wind farm serves as an important section during its early-stage design. Macro location means selection of a wind farm site from a wide scale during its approval and planning stage. In this stage, the main focus is to assess the wind energy resources in the preliminary site, which is intended to identify regions with abundant wind energy and stable wind direction for preliminary planning. While, micro location is to make an accurate arrangement for the wind turbine’s position coordinates within the preliminary wind farm, which can make the wind resources in the wind farm fully utilized and realize the best economic benefits. Macro and micro location plays a vital role key for wind farms owing to "the innate gene decides a lifetime"!In this paper, a comprehensive analysis and case study of the wind farm and its micro location are carried out by taking two typical kinds of terrains, the plain and the mountain wind farm, as an instance. The wind resource assessment is not only the core of macro and micro location of wind farms, but also a crucial part in determining the considerable benefits from wind farm construction. Currently, some of the in-use wind farms in China are faced with multiple problems, including the relatively low capacity factor and big differences between the designed amount and the actual amount of power. As for their fundamental reasons, it is the unstandardized closed-loop assessment system and professional tools that result in failures in closed-loop design put-into-operation as well as quantitative assessment of the equipment operation and technology improvement effect for wind farms put into operation. Reasonable suggestions on determination of the number and location of the wind tower during the phase of macro location are provided in this paper from the perspective of scientific assessment of wind energy resources. With adoption of statistical analysis, the overview of wind also is calculated based on the complete test data of the wind in wind farms, covering the average wind speed, wind direction, wind frequency, wind energy and so on. In addition, the basic theory of the major French Meteodyn WT wind resource CFD software is introduced, which can be used for comprehensive assessment of wind resources and establishment of a power-generation-capacity-targeted mathematical model. With utilization of the mathematical model, micro location and selection of wind turbine models for wind farms are optimized.In two examples of selecting the micro location for the wind power farm, this paper offers a reasonable solution and suggestion for the limitation of the previous design stage. When the fan location is identified with good advantages of wind resources during micro locating, the residential area and grave as well as other sensitive buildings within the radius of 250 meters to the location should be pulled down,and the fan location should be retained at the same time. If the temple and transmission lines exist, it is suggested to adjust the fan location and approach road. For the fan location with poor wind resources and especially the low investment rate, it is recommended to seek alternative locations or abandon the location.In two examples of selecting the micro location for the wind power farm, this paper also makes a discussion on wind resource technical performance indicators such as the wind speed, direction, energy density and power density. And it analyzes and verify the fatigue loads and ultimate loads of the fan through the influence of the wind field on the extreme wind speed, turbulence and the tail flow of the safety of the fan by using the software so as to ensure the adaptability and reliability of wind turbine, which also provides the effective measures and suggestions for the yield rate of the wind farm. The fan location that can meet the safety load shall be reserved. For fan locations that do not meet the safety load, it is suggested to make adjustment to meet the safety requirements, or to replace the wind turbine models with smaller leaves but higher safety factors.The method described in this paper can be applied in wind resource analysis, reasonable selection and optimized location of wind turbine as well as power generation calculation for similar wind farms.