Rural Road Layout Planning Considering Accessibility

In the process of socialist new countryside construction in China, rural economy will be greatly developed, however, in order to make rural economy vitality fully exerted, rural road network layout planning is one of the most important links. Rural road network is the travelling carrier in rural areas. In rural road network, town roads and senior village roads have the largest proportion, which is major basic transportation facility in rural areas’travelling. Both two roads are referred to rural roads in this paper. Therefore, under the condition that trunk road networks are confirmed, each town should conduct overall planning, based on coordinating trunk road network planning scheme, through conducting reasonable layout to perfect road network structure in districts, so as to improve reachability of rural road network in this area.The following issues would be covered in the study:(1) Adapting three measures, namely, spatial distance, time and cost, to evaluate the accessibility of the rural road network structure, according to the reality in Chinese rural area. The basic condition of rural road, population and economic level of each county has been covered in the evaluation. What’s more, the author would carry out the comparison based on the features of traffic modes of the rural area. The result shows that bicycle and motorcycle have been far more popular than the car in the countryside. Also, with the layout of the road network, the accessibility of cars would be improved greatly.(2) Optimizing the three-stage road network framework. At the first stage, the planning should follow the requirement of rural road project to the existing road network strictly. Then, the author would analyze the changes of accessibility indexes of the network according to its layout and point out the further demand that improving the connectivity and density of the road network. At the second stage, the author would propose the plan for layout of the rural road based on the optimization of the accessibility of the distance and promote the connectivity of the network. When calculating the optimizing model, the convexity-concavity method as well as the genetic algorithm would be applied to deal with the judgment of the intersections on the road and increase the computational efficiency. When it comes to the third stage, the analysis to population, economy and functional completeness would be conducted to identify the sequence and hierarchical division of the important node of the road network with the support of the importance model. Moreover, the optimization to the layout of the important node would promote its accessibility to the utmost extent. Based on the importance of the node, the author would also give evaluation to the important degree of each section of the road and conduct the optimization to the layout of less important sections referring to the distribution of the importance of each section to increase the density of the road network.(3) Combining the plan for the rural road network with the reality of the Qijiawu township, Huanghua City, Hebei Province, and the author would make out the layout plan for its road network in 2020 and analyze the effect of the proposed plan for the layout of the rural road. Upon deciding the plan, the author may come up with two implementation schemes with a time horizon of year, from which the scheme A, departing from saving both construction time and cost of the project, would leave the room for the planner to have the further transformation. On the other hand, the scheme B carries out the upgrade to the part of the sections with the limited construction funds to make the further improvement to the time and cost accessibility of the road network. This study would have the practical significance to the distribution of Chinese rural road network.