The Analysis Of Fuzhou Urban Square Plant Diversity And Ecological Function

The process of urbanization has disrupted the internal space and fragmented, urban green space system, which is one of the main reason for the results of the decrease of biological diversity. Urban green space is the important carrier of urban biodiversity, and many scholars put forward by developing urban green space to increase biodiversity. However, one of the city square is a component of urban green space system, which has the ecological, economic and social benefits, therefore, the study of city square plant diversity is very necessary. In this paper, the sampling method is adopted to investigate the Fuzhou city square plant to analyzes its composition, community structure, species diversity index, similarity and other characteristics, with different types, different surroundings (with or without water) of city square and plant diversity of different types of urban green space index comparison, analysis of its ecological functions at the same time, the main research results are as following:(1) The result shows that there is a total of 204 species in urban square of Fuzhou which belongs to 79 families and 79 genera. There are 4 ferns,9 gymnosperms,191 species of angiosperms, including 67 trees,81 shrubs,65 kinds of herbs, three kinds of bamboo plants; Physiognomy type with evergreen broadleaf tree species. City square green space at all levels have obvious advantages. The tree layer important values in higher plants are:Mangifera indica, Osmanthus fragrans, Cinnamomum camphora, Roystonea regia; The shrub layer are:Loropetalum chinense, Ficus microcarpa, Schefflera octophylla, Rhododendron pulchrum; Zoysia matrella, Oxalis corniculata, Youngia Japonica, Ophiopogon japonicus, Cynodon dactylon and so on has higher important value in herb layer.(2) To analyze the five kinds of square richness index, diversity index and evenness index:religious square was the highest in four indexes, which shows the most abundant diversity and species distribution uniformity degree. Traffic square has the minimum index in richness, and leisure square in the Simpson index (D), Shannon-Wiener index (H) and evenness index were shown as a minimum.(3) To compare seven types of urban green space diversity index:as for the richness index, Shannon-Wiener index (H) and evenness index of park green space is the highest; as for street greenbelt, Shannon-Wiener index (H) is the lowest; as for city square, evenness index is the lowest.(4) To compare the plant diversity of urban square in different surrounding environment (with or without water), which shows that the surrounding city square in all levels of the water supply of plant diversity index, richness index and evenness index were greater than the water environment of city square. At the same time, in order to test whether there was a significant difference between the two, this article use SPSS analysis of variance to conclude that there is significant differences in the richness index, diversity index between water environment and no significant differences in the evenness index.(5) To analyze the ecological functions of town square:city square green space has ecological functions in adjusting temperature and humidity, purify air, noise reduction and other ecological function, but more important is a good plant construction can improve the biodiversity, water conservation, reduce rainwater runoff, and play the role of landscape connection. By making use of the city square plant diversity, suburban natural residual plaque with isolated in urban green space in connected structure, landscape, the function, making the city square green space as the site of animal migration, provide a wide range of habitats for animals, for its survival, communication, migration and reproduction lull, reduce the resistance of biological survival and migration of formation of urban green space system organic network, realize the material circulation, energy flow.(6) Evaluate the city square green space and suggestions:Fuzhou city square green space has the low level of species diversity, but its plant species repetition rate is large, and landscape similar degree is high. At the same time, the species in the community is dominant, and the level of uniformity is low; In addition, the strengthen deciduous conifer, application scale, rich the seasonal landscape, strengthen indigenous plants use frequency, highlight the regional characteristics should be strengthened.