Evaluation Of Plant Landscape Diversity And Its Ecological Healthcare Functions In Traditional Villages In Karst Areas Of Gongcheng County

In the context of promoting rural revitalization and the development strategy of beautiful China,the plant landscape of traditional villages has received attention from scholars as the main habitat of the countryside.The plant landscape is an important element in the construction of beautiful ecological villages and a material basis for the development of the recreation industry,but the background situation of the plant landscape of traditional villages in Gongcheng and the ecological healthcare functions of different plant landscapes are still unclear.Therefore,there is an urgent need to carry out relevant research and studies to explore the characteristic plant resources and plant landscapes of traditional villages,so as to provide a basis for the transformation of village plant landscapes and also to support the construction of beautiful villages in the karst area of Gongcheng County.In this study,the spatial distribution data of plant landscapes and non-plant landscapes of18 traditional villages in Gongcheng County were extracted using high spatial resolution remote sensing interpretation combined with ground survey,and the village landscape diversity and pattern characteristics were analyzed using Arc GIS and Fragstats software.The species diversity and ecological livability effects of different plant landscapes were studied by ground survey and monitoring methods in five typical traditional villages in karst areas.The main research results are as follows:(1)The main landscape types of the 18 traditional villages in Gongcheng County were orchards and rural residential land,and the area of plant landscape and non-plant landscape accounted for 63.17% and 36.83% of the total area of the study area,respectively,and the composition and diversity of plant landscape and non-plant landscape in different villages differed greatly.The results of the study showed that there were significant differences in the degree of landscape fragmentation in different villages,with the highest degree of landscape fragmentation in Shuibin and Taiping villages and the lowest degree of landscape fragmentation in Changjia and Feicun villages;at the patch level,the highest degree of fragmentation was found in the courtyard landscape and the lowest in the wetland landscape.The landscape pattern of traditional villages indirectly affects the ecological and recreational functions of plant landscapes by influencing the distribution of plant species.According to the field survey results,a total of 204 plant species belonging to 84 families and 169 genera were found in the plant landscapes of five typical traditional villages,with the highest number of plant species in Hongyan village and the lowest number of species in Changjia village;in terms of life type,herbs accounted for 36.10% of the total number of plants and ferns the least;in terms of structure,different plant landscape communities were mainly dominated by small-diameter,medium-height and canopy species below 10 ㎡.The dominant species of different plant landscapes are obviously different,and the differences of the dominant species of the same type of plant landscapes are small.(2)The monitoring results show that there are significant differences in the temporal changes of ecological recreation factors such as negative oxygen ion and air PM particulate matter concentrations in different plant landscapes,with the highest negative oxygen ion concentration and air PM particulate matter concentration in the morning and the lowest concentration in the afternoon;the concentration of total volatile organic compounds is the opposite.The concentration of negative oxygen ions and other ecological healthcare factors showed significant differences among different plant landscapes,and the concentration of negative oxygen ions was relatively high in garden and fengshui landscape.There is a significant correlation between different ecological healthcare factors,and under the condition of higher humidity,the increase of negative oxygen ion concentration cannot effectively abate PM particles;there is also a significant difference between different plant landscapes on human comfort,among which human comfort is the best in fengshui landscape and the worst in garden.Community height has the greatest influence on ecological healthcare factors.The above research results show that ecological healthcare factors such as negative oxygen ion concentration and human comfort in different plant landscapes have significant differences and also show different trends in time,and the community structure of plant landscapes has an important influence on the spatial and temporal dynamics of ecological healthcare factors.(3)Using hierarchical analysis to construct an evaluation index system suitable for the ecological healthcare function of plant landscape in traditional villages in Gongcheng County,the results of the calculation of scoring weight values by experts analyze that the suitability of recreation activities of plant landscape > ecological function > aesthetic function,and the concentration of negative oxygen ions is the main influencing factor in the ecological healthcare function of plant landscape.The comprehensive evaluation results show that among the five plant landscapes,the ecological healthcare function of fengshui landscape is the best and the wetland landscape is the worst.Based on the results of comprehensive analysis of plant community structure differences and ecological healthcare function evaluation,the optimization strategy of plant landscape of traditional villages in typical karst areas in Gongcheng County is proposed.