Design And Implementation Of An Intelligent Traffic Light Control System Based On FPGA

In recent years, our country’s motor vehicle quantity has up to 270 millions, among these motor vehicles, automobile number has reached 154 millions. These data indicate that the domestic living standard has been continuously improved. However, facing with the gradually increasing number of motor vehicles, most domestic cities has encountered the problem of road congestion, which not only pollute the urban environment, but lowered the city,s operational efficiency. If this trend continues, our country,s economic development would be severely restricted. As we known, the essential problem of causing traffic congestion is intersection signal control. In the paper, in accordance with the present intersection congestion, we designed a traffic light control system which can realize real-time monitor the traffic light, The system can adjust the display time of green light according to the actual situation of the intersection, this technique has an important practical significance for solving urban congestion problem.In the paper, we deeply studied the traffic flow monitoring technique, FPGA technique and fuzzy control technique et.al, and efficiently applied these techniques into the control system, so that we can determine the display time of next circle in-phase green light in accordance with the intersection,s real-time traffic flow information. In this work, we described the whole intelligent control system from following two aspects including algorithm design and modular control. Here, algorithm design mainly contains traffic flow detection algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm. The traffic flow detection algorithm adopts a newly detection method which combination background difference method with inter-frame difference. This detection method could real-time monitor vehicle whether passed through the intersection at a certain time. However, the core of the fuzzy control was to deduce the corresponding relationship between input and output, in other word, called fuzzy control table, through that, we can obtained the next circle display time of green light. The modular control part was divided into one top module and five submodules, here, the submodules were composed of clock module, traffic flow detection module, SDRAM ping-pong buffer module, traffic flow statistical module and control module which was responsible for clock division, detection whether has vehicle passing through or not, buffering image information, statistic the passing vehicle gross at a certain time period and control the display status of the intersection signal light, respectively.The traffic flow detection algorithm designed in the paper has passed through the MATLAB verification, and used mainstream FPGA chip as main control chip of the system, the type of chip is EP2C35F484C7. In addition, the whole control system was exploited and simulated by adopting Quartus II development platform and Model Sim 10.1 SE simulation software, respectively. The test results show that the system can operate steadily and the performance index accorded with the expect demand.