The Research And Design Of Power Demand Response Controller For Residential Customers

The demand response has important positive significance to the construction of smart grid and the realization of the energy Internet. The electric power enterprises can use DR system to get the user’s power state, and through the DR control equipment of the user side, different kinds of loads can be controlled accurately. In order to ensure the residents to orderly participate in the demand response program, the function and hardware of DR controller is designed in this paper, and then the load control strategy is studied, which takes the air conditioner and heater as an example.Firstly, this paper analyzes the DR system of residential users, including the demand analysis, conceptual model analysis, data flow and control flow analysis and operation mode analysis. Based on the analysis of the system,the functional design of the DR controller is divided into five modules:load control module, data communication module, demand response module, electric energy metering module and information management module.The hardware design of the DR controller is based on ATmega Mega2560, and the sampling circuit, communication circuit, power management circuit, display and key circuit are designed in detail.The control circuit can be realized through relay control or infrared control. The data of voltage and current is collected through the sampling circuit, and the temperature and humidity data is acquired through the temperature sensor module. The communication circuit includes ZigBee circuit, Wi-Fi circuit,which is connected with control chip through the UART serial port. ZigBee module can realize the sampling data transmission to the DR controller. Wi-Fi circuit can realize the DR controller accessing to the Internet, and the data communication to DR server.Finally, the load characteristics of resident users are analyzed, and the auto DR control strategy is put forward based on the user’s user comfort temperature range.