An Analysis Of The Tectonic Systems Of Window Under The Perspective Of Environmental Performance And Temperament

As architecture develops, its environment management model changes.Reyner Banham considers that there are three kinds of environmental management model in the architectural history:the conservative, selective and regenerative. The first model is common in the dry regions, and the second one is usually found in the tropical and humid areas. Both of them cope with the environment by using their own architectonic pattern and keep a constant indoor climate with low energy consumptions. While the third model mainly arose in the industrial revolution, which aims to manage the indoor climate with the help of industrial technologies. In order to create a comfortable living environment, it adopts the central heating system, air conditioners and confined space which therefore evolves the modern architectures into machines of high energy consumption and waste. Under such circumstance, an analytical framework --"Environment-Architectonic" is brought out in terms of the interaction between architecture and environment. This framework focuses on how the architectonic pattern manage on the environment. Such kind of management is conducted via using the surface of buildings to filter and diffuse the environment, and this is an architectonic pattern of low energy consumption which convert the uncertain external environment into a cosy interior environment suitable for mankind activities.On the surface of buildings where the architecture and environment interact, there are lots of architectonic patterns could manage the environment. Such as the systematic surface, mechanical ventilation pipe, giant sunshade grille, etc. And the window is the most common channel which exchanges the internal and external climate, meanwhile the most close medium to human. Hence, the author chooses the window as the research object, and tries to explore the methods of management and design in which the window acting on the environment.In order to conduct the case study logically, this article puts forward a theoretical analyzing framework firstly. It is based on the features of interactions between the window space and human, and make geometric divisions to the architectonic system of window from the point of section. Secondly, under the divisions of this analyzing framework, the article classifies the window into 3 types according to its space, then conducts the case studies respectively and therefore conclude the environment management function of each divisions. Finally, the theoretical types of window are deduced. With the comparisons of different environment management effects, the article builds up a evaluation system. Through the system the environment management effects under each divisions could be evaluated, thus it helps to derive the suitable type of window according to a specific function.To conclude, the author proposes three types of environment management patterns of window, and summarizes the functions of each divisions in the analyzing framework of architectonic pattern of window, therefore makes evaluations to the environment management effects of each function. On the basis of which, the conclusion provides a new thought and an auxiliary method to the architectural design from environment to form.