Study On The Thermal Environments Of Base Station Apparatus Hanging On Exterior Walls

With the rapid development of mobile communication industry in the twenty-first century, the number of wireless communication base station apparatus is increasing and the coverage is becoming wider and wider. Among them, there is a type of base station apparatus hanging on walls, which have serious heat dissipation problems and it leads to a battery of consequences such as the high failure rate and the short service life of base station apparatus. Based on the theory of heat transfer and thermal technique of buildings and combined with heat transfer analysis, field tests and computer simulation, this paper is going to study how the environmental factors affect the heat dissipation of base station apparatus and obtain a tool that can rapidly assess the impact of these factors to guide their site selection. On the basis of these, it needs to get to propose some strategies for the optimized design of microenvironment for the base station apparatus. The main work and conclusions are as follows:Firstly, through the heat transfer principle research of base station apparatus hanging on walls, it has implemented quantifying the impact of various environmental factors on the heat sink of the base station modules by the formula and succeeded with a rapid assessment tool that can accurately predict the actual cooling effect of the base station modules under different microenvironment.Secondly, it is found by putting the base station modules on the typical building exterior walls in Guangzhou that convective heat dissipation is the main way of the base station module’s heat sinking and the heat dissipation difference of base station modules brought by different exterior wall is small. Besides, convection heat dissipation can be enhanced and the temperature of the internal heating film can be reduced by augmenting the distance between the modules and the external walls. Rapid assessment tool obtained by field tests has achieved the function accurately predicting the internal heating film temperature of the base station modules based on microenvironmental conditions such as outdoor weather conditions and external wall materials. Furthermore,the evaluation accuracy of the assessment tool reached 5 centigrades.Thirdly, FLUENT software has been applied to simulate the microenvironment near the exterior walls under different boundary conditions. The results show that solar radiation absorption coefficient of wall material and solar radiation reflectivity of the ground greatly affect the microenvironment, while the emissivity of wall material has little influence on it. In addition, the wind speed around the wall will increase along with the increase of the distance from the wall. Moreover, the exterior wall will have a very small effect on the heating of the nearby air when the distance from the wall reaches 300 mm.Finally, some optimized design of base station apparatus’ microenvironment under extreme weather conditions were made and field test verification for some of the core design program was done. The test results demonstrate that the optimization effect of shutter and white reflective insulation coating is obvious.