| City is the product of social and economic development to a certain stage, which marks the progress of the society and the improvement of human civilization. However,city also has its own process of formation, development and decay, in which the choices of retainment and elimination exist in terms of many aspects. With the social development nowadays, city has become an organic entirety with high integration and versatile human activity. It plays an important role in promoting the development of both the country and the society. Because of the high complexity of city, urban development is far behind the social development and its demanding expansion. When such a gap gradually expand to a certain degree, "urban problems", a so-called sign of decay, emerge quickly, such as building aging, traffic congestion, environmental pollution, high unemployment rate, social order confusion, enterprise outsourcing and worker migration. It is necessary for urban renewal when a city cannot meet the normal demand of the society and its residents. Therefore, the bottleneck of urban development must be dredged and the competitiveness of the city should be enhanced so that the imperative urban renewal could be implemented.With the rapid development of social economy, contradictions between the shortage of urban land resources and the expansion of urban space sharpens increasingly.This contradiction is becoming more and more obvious in the renewal and protection of the city historic districts. City historic districts, as the important carriers of the city culture, is closely related with the self-renewal of city. The process of urbanization leads to the annihilation of historic blocks, inconsistency of building qualities, poor quality of historic blocks living conditions and poor infrastructures, which not only restricts thesustainable development of historic buildings, but also affects the organic renewal of a city. Thus, scientific and rational utilization of the underground space in the historical blocks is of great significance in urban development and the protection of historic buildings. In order to achieve the renewal and development of urban historic blocks,protection and development should be combined and history and heritage should be unified on the true essence of continuance and renaissance of city culture.Xi ’an beiyuamen block has been considered as an important block in Mingcheng District under historical protection. Folk customs and business forms, bred in its unique atmospheres, constitute the cultural base of the block. However real demands from the whole space environment and its residents’ interests are ignored under such protection,which mainly causes inferior protection effects and hysteretic constructions of various supporting facilities. All above have seriously affected the orderly heritage of the protection of historical buildings and its historical culture.Through conducting researches on the current situation of underground utilization in Beiyuanmen’s historical and cultural blocks in Mingcheng District and its surrounding regions, this study has summarized the principles and methodologies of exploring the underground space of historical blocks, and corresponding strategies on underground space exploitation and utilization have been synthesized, on the basis of the combination with related architectural examples at home and abroad. Main contradictions have been analyzed, and solutions are put forward. Considering the actual developing situation of Beiyuanmen block, this study has come up with plans which are reasonable and scientific, in terms of the development and utilization of underground spaces. Contradictions in the development of historical blocks are expected to be dealt with fundamentally, and the capacity of its neighbor space are expected to be upgraded, which provides new opportunities for the organic heritage of historical architecture and culture. Thereby this study provides references and suggestions for the overall planning of underground spaces in Xi’an in the future. |
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