The Research Of Bapa Village’s Space Evolution Under The Perspective Of Institutional Change (1949-2015)

Since the founding of new China, with the change of China’s political, economic, social status, the development of the rural space showcase a completely different morphological characteristic from that of traditional country space.In recent years, the government from the macro level put forward integration of urban and rural, urban and rural development as a whole, the new rural construction, beautiful country construction policy and so on a series of urban and rural construction, set off a wave of new rural construction, and at that time the rural landscape has undergone significant changes.But unfortunately, under the impact of the rapid urbanization, more and more traditional villages sustained damage, facing issues like the decrease in the settlement number, spatial alienation, and cultural elimination or even extinction.Bapa village belongs to Gaozeng village, Jiang county and is located in the most densely distributed traditional village cluster at Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan provinces junction.In 2013 it was selected in the second batch of traditional village, to some extent it represents the basic condition of the traditional village of the southeast Guizhou minority nationality.This article first through to the rural system and rural space related concepts and theoretical analysis, to define the research object of this article- spatial and mental space of Bapa village settlement.Second, in order to study the role that institutional change plays in rural space development, anthropology and ethnology perspective, together with "survival ethics" and new institutionalism theory results set up the basic framework, determines the behavior by institutional factors and village groups and the space effect of social interaction as the research core.For the convenience of study, according to the development feature of Bapa village related research and the status of the rural institutional change be divided into four stages.Through analysis of village space evolution and the description of the course of social interaction, the basic characteristics in terms of the transition of rural governance system and settlement spaces in Bapa village could be concluded, and points out that the national macro environment and village internal system of traditional organization change is the key factor that facilitate the spatial change of Bapa village.Based on the above research, this article points out: the spatial pattern and texture in Bapa village are experiencing the mutation process, the driving force that causes such consequence is the result of trade-offs between ’survival ethnics’ and internal spirit of the settlement. At the same time, this article points out in the end that the genuine main body of the settlement spatial development is the villagers that inhabit within the village, the traditional village management system should ensure the fully engagement of its main body, formulating a completed institutional system and a reasonable guide that lead the conservation and development of Bapa village.