The Construction And Empirical Analysis Of The Engel Coefficient Of Tourism 2.0 In China

In recently20years, the economy achieves rapid growth, industrial structure becomes more reasonable, consumer attitudes has changed and with the supporting of policies, the people living standards has a large change, the consumer turns sight to spiritual consumption instead of material consumption, such as travel and study overseas, a new age is coming. Which means the traditional Engel Coefficient is not suitable for measuring people’s living standards and consumption structure, we need another one. Based on the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and consumption structure model, this article redefines spiritual consumption and expands the extension of tourism. We present the2.0Tourist Engel Coefficient, to measure and track people’s consumption structure and living standards in new ages. It includes seven aspects of the spiritual consumption, namely:transport, communications, culture, education, entertainment, medical, health. It is a positive indicator, along with the growing of economic and improving of people’s living standards, the Tourism Engel Coefficient possesses higher proportion in the consumption. This is the trend of modern society and conventional indicators of the world’s consumption structure in national statistics. It has a broad applicability and computability.Based on the Tourism Engel Coefficient and phase division and treated the national, Beijing and Shanghai as research object,this article analyzes the dynamic evolution of consumption structure and spiritual consumption of urban and rural residents, as well as regional differences. The results as follows:(1) Through the analysis of residents’ consumption structure in20years, the study found that the residents’ consumption ability improving and the consumer turning sight to spiritual consumption gradually. The consumption of food, clothing, home appliances gradually reduce in total consumption, while the consumption of traffic, entertainment, health care and education increase.which is applicable to Beijing and Shanghai.(2) Tourism Engel Coefficient is a positive indicator, which means the higher Tourism Engel Coefficient, the higher living standards and more perfect of consumption structure. As the center of political, economic and cultural, the urban residents of Beijing and Shanghai have a higher consumption level than average. Meanwhile, due to different urban contexts, consumer attitudes, etc. the Tourism Engel Coefficient of Beijing is higher than Shanghai, while the Engel coefficient of Shanghai is higher than Beijing.(3) The Tourism Engel Coefficient and Engel coefficient is inversely related, which can be a substitution of Engel Coefficient. Through the analysis of Eviews, the correlation coefficient between Engel and Tourism Engel is-0.99,-0.96of the nation; is-0.98,-0.94of Beijing and-0.98,-0.85of Shanghai urban and rural residents, showing strong anti-correlation, the Tourism Engel can be a substitution of Engel Coefficient, to measure and track people’s consumption structure and living standards.(4) Through the analysis of Tourism Engel Coefficient and Domestic Tourism Demands, the relationship between them reflects a positive relationship, which means that along with the improvement of Tourism Engel Coefficient, the domestic tourism improved gradually and vice versa. This rule works in Beijing and Shanghai.Through the analysis and rebuilt of Tourism Engel Coefficient, some references for understanding the changes of consumption structure,the disadvantages of Engel Coefficient, the correlation between spiritual consumption and tourism, rebuilding the Tourism Engel Coefficient and tracking people’s consumption structure and living standards. Then, some references for forecasting the market demands, adjusting the industrial structure and promoting the economic development of our country.