A Study On The Spatial - Temporal Coupling Of Urban New Poverty And Urban Functional Pattern In Xi'an

With the rapidly development of economy and the poverty of rural solved, there is a new group of poor people who are in low income, laid-off workers and floating appeared, which restrict the city developing. This group increase fast and has more complex structure, which has attract much attention of researchers. The key point of research is always the cause of the poverty problem of new urban. It is no doubt that one of important reason for the emergence of new urban poverty is the unreasonable development of cities. On the contrary, the emergence of new urban poverty restrict the development of city. The relationship between them is changing..Taking districts of administrative area as a research object, this study collects chooses urban function pattern and urban poverty data in the year of1990,2000and2013in xi ’an by Planning Department,Google map, remote sensing and so on. This research aims to study the spatio-temporal coupling relationship between the poverty of new urban and the pattern of urban function in Xi’an through the method of qualitative and quantitative. Besides, some suggestions on improving poverty are put forward. The results of this research are following.In the first part, the analysis of the questionnaire survey of xi ’an residents found that (1) the poor population of the urban shows the development pattern of agglomeration-scattered-agglomeration.(2) the strength of the poverty has experienced by weak--strong--weak:The pattern of poverty intensity transforms from the "distribution of radioactive nested" by1990into "increasing from south to north" by2000. In2013, it has evolved into the patter of increasing radial distribution.(3) from the perspective of the whole distribution of household register, the number of poor people in different census register increase continually with time, but so far, the poor is mainly local registered residence in xi ’an; From the point of pattern evolution, the pattern of registered population have changed from "three layers of concentric circles" in1990to "n type nested pattern" in2013population.(4) the education background of the poor is generally low, and most of them graduated from junior high school. However, with the further development of city, the proportion of highly educated people living in poverty is increasing gradually; From the perspective of spatial pattern,the education distribution of poverty population has experienced the pattern of "double axis""concentric circles"-"diagonal".In the second part, as an ancient city of13dynasties, xi "an had been redeveloped for many times, which make the city function structure change. According to land of the streets in proper proportion, this paper divides the main urban area into three parts, the core area, the spread of urban area and urban extension. The expansion of urban shows that the xi’an mainly develop outward. In other words, the city is given priority to with east-west extension from1990to2000, but expansion speed is slower, and the development of the east is faster than west’. On the other hand, the city is given priority to the expansion of the north and south from2000to2013, and the south area develop fast. At the same time, the development of the southeast and southwest speed is also faster. According to location entropy of quantitative research, the function of xi ’an street is divided into ten types, namely, residential area, type of industrial park, second industrial zone, three kinds of industrial, commercial, cultural and educational area, region, tourist area, complex function and homogeneous mixing function. The research suggests that the pattern of urban functions transform from"one, two axes, four regions" and "one, two axis, three-ring" to "double jiugong".In the third part, the paper researches the interactive coupling relationship exists between xi "an urban poverty and the city function structure from three aspects.(1) through the coupling coordination degree model, this paper make a quantitative calculation of coupling of time and space on concentration diffusion. In the year of1990, the concentration of urban functions lagged behind the new urban poverty population agglomeration, but, this situation was converse in2000.Until in2013, the two aspects develop synchronously.(2) the coupling relationship of time and space between poverty population and urban function districts are calculated by decoupling, double hook index model. The results show that the number of urban poor in residential area, administrative region and primary type of industrial areas are less, and the relationship between commercial region and the poor changed from irrelevant to weak decoupling; the relationship between cultural and educational area changed from weak decoupling to double hook. The relationship between secondary industrial area and the poor transformed from weak decoupling into expansion compound; The relationship between third kinds of industrial area and the poor transformed from expansionary complex clasps into strong complex; the relationship between the urban poor and tourist area has turned to weak decoupling from irrelative; the relationship between compounded area and the poor changed from expansionary double hook into weak decoupling;In the homogeneous mixing zone, the two relationship changed from the expansionary hook to strong decoupling.(3) The method of arcGIS graphic overlay is used to research the spatio-temporal coupling situation between the types of urban functional areas and urban poverty.