| Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit, a Chinese traditional materia medica, its height of plant is 15-30 cm and its tubers uesed as medicines, which has the effects of removing dampness, against emesis, removing mass and dispersing the accumulation of the formula, et al. There are 8 Pinellia species of the world, and 7 species of china, mainly in the Northeast, North China and Yangtze River basin, such as Hubei, Henan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Anhui, and Shandong, etc. The current research on P. ternata is focus on artificial cultivation, virus elimination and rapid propagation, chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications. Because of the destroied Ecological Environment of P. ternata, people’s excessive digging, low tradition multiplication quality degradation, and virus infection, the wild production fall sharply, market demand exceeds supply, and economic efficiency is low.We collected 4 populations (XY, GD, GZ, NY) as material, The effects of four kinds of factors including PEG (1000), AC, ABA, IAA were studied. To screened out the optimal condition for artificial P. ternata. Tubers in vitro in different phases. Then hundred-grain weight, moisture content, germnation rate, viability, single-grain diameter, purity and visual form of mature artificial tubers of P. ternata. Tubers from tissue culture were studied. Through statistical analysis SPSS, the key indicator and reference indicators for artificial tubers quality grading were defined. After the exploration research of the best soilless substrate and nutrient solution formula were completed by soilless cultivation research and selection, Pinellia protein content were measured in comparison. Following are the results:1. The optimal media for artificial Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. Tubers were different not only in different culture phases, but also among the four different populations. Effect of the same Plant Growth Regulators is different in different populations, and effect of different Plant Growth Regulators is different in different stages.2. The optimal media to induce from explants was MS+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 ABA+30.0 g·L-1 PEG+3% sucrose for hubei population, and MS+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L-1 ABA+0.1 mg·L-1 IAA+ 2.0 g·L-1 AC+3% sucrose for hunan population; The optimal media to maturing phases from microtubers was MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+50.0 g·L-1 PEG+5% sucrose for hubei population, and MS+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+15.0 g·L-1 PEG +3% sucrose for hunan population. The optimal media for Enlargement was MS+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 ABA+3% sucrose for XY and NY, and MS+0.2 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L-1 6-BA+3.0 g·L-1 AC+0.1 mg·L-1 ABA+3% sucrose for GZ and XY.3. Germnation rate and viability were the primary indicators of artificial tubers quality grading, hundred-grain weight, moisture content and purity were important reference indicators. The quality of each grade should reach the following requirements:for first grade, hundred-grain weight＞10 g, moisture content＞70%-80%, germination rate＞80%, viability＞85%, single-grain diameter＞0.7cm, purity＞80%; for second grade, hundred-grain weight 8-10 g, moisture content＞70%-80%, germination rate 60%-80%, viability70%-85%, single-grain diameter 0.3-0.7 cm, purity75%-80%; moisture content＞70%-80%, and the others didn’t reach second grade was for third grade.4. Vermiculite is the most suitable soilless substrate; followed by vermiculite and perlite (1:1). Nutrient solution 5 and 7 were the most appropriate types; followed by 3 and 4 nutrient solution, which were Hoagland nutrient solution and the Japanese garden-type formula, the next was 1/2 MS liquid nutritional preparation liquid.5. Pinellia protein content were significantly different among three different breeding methods; and there was abvious promotion of soilless culture to enlargement of artificial tubers and improvement of active ingredients. |
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