Research On Optimum Harvest Period Of Aralia Elata And The Antioxident Activity Of Its Ethanol Extract

Aralia elata Seem belongs to Aralia genus, Araliaceae family, and its root bark, stem bark,leaf and fruit are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine，and its leaves and buds are suitable to bea kinds of food. It is an excellent plant resource for food and medicine in Changbai Mountainarea. Its main active components are saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides, the present studyof extraction process of these three components is not comprehensive enough; their distributionand accumulation dynamics in plants are unclear. Thus, we made use of the ultrasonic,microwave and reflux to stuy the extraction process of the three components, designingorthogonal experiment with the factors of material-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extractiontime. The three components levels were measured with the colorimetric method to determine theoptimum extract techniques of the three components. Experimental samples were taken withtypical sampling method, there are six samples taken between May to September, the samplesincluded root bark, stem bark and leaves, the active components have been tracked by theoptimized technology. Above that, the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract have been testedsupplementary. These studies offer theoretical reference for the rational exploitation andutilization of Aralia elata in the future. The findings are as following:1. The best extraction process of total sponins and total flavonoidsUltrasonic method: material-liquid ratio1:30, extraction time60min, concentration ofethanol70%; microwave method: material-liquid ratio1:15, extraction time50s, microwavepower640W, centration of ethanol80%; refluxing method: material-liquid ratio1:25, extractiontime2.5h, extraction temperature80℃, centration of ethanol60%.2. The best extraction process of polysaccharidesUltrasonic method: material-liquid ratio1:50, extraction time60min; microwave method:material-liquid ratio1:60, extraction time40s, microwave power640W; refluxing method:material-liquid ratio1:40, extraction time3.0h, extraction temperature80℃.3.The accumulation dynamics of active componentsThe peak of total saponins accumulation; it is14.01%in root bark June late; it is6.02%inbark mid-September; it is9.81%in leaf June late. The peak of total flavonoids accumulation; itis5.91%in root bark July late; it is5.92%in bark mid-September, it is13.14%in leafSeptember late. The peak of polysaccharides accumulation; it is16.59%in root bark August late;it is10.59%in bark mid-September, it is10.30%in leaf June late. Comprehensive analysis of the accumulation of three components, then the appropriate harvest in mid-September.4. Study on the antioxidative activity of Aralia elata ethanol extract vitroThe results showed that the antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with theconcentration of Aralia elata ethanol extract, Where the rapid growth of the concentration ofDPPH scavenging rate performance the different parts of the medicine, when leaf at0.5mg/mL,bark at1.0mg/mL, root bark at3.0mg/mL, the clearance rate is higher than the reference; theability of removing ABTS radical is similar with reference; the reference is better than variousparts of Aralia elata on restore capability.