| Changjiang county of Hainan is located in the west of Hainan Island, it contained extremely rich forest resources and forest-product resources, the natural vegetation is mainly divided into tropical rain forest, monsoon forest, shrub forest, grassland and artificial vegetation. In recent years, many scholars investigated the medicinal plant species in the west area in Hainan Island. but there are little researches to the distribution of medicinal plant species and population dynamics researches of endangered or protected medicinal plants in Hainan, in particular, the reports based on researches of ghetto and county as units are more rare. In this article, we combined survey methods prescribed by the State and research methods of quantitative ecology with the methods of the fourth national survey on Chinese materia medical resources. The results showed that:(1) The survey results showed that Changjiang county have179kinds of vascular plants of medicinal, attach to65familys and146Genuses. According to the "Survey on Chinese materia medical resources in Hainan:Intensive identifying Atlas", which edited by the work leading group of survey on Chinese materia medical resources, there are total208kinds of medicinal plants that focused of investigation in Hainan Province. Analysis of resources of medicinal plants in Changjiang County, we found that there were64kinds of medicinal plants of major survey, attach to36familys and61Genuses.3kinds of ferns in64kinds of medicinal plants, attach to3familys and3Genuses;1kinds of gymnosperms, attach to1familys and1Genuses;62kinds of angiosperms, attach to30familys and56Genuses. In angiosperms, there were49kinds of dicots, attach to25familys and47Genuses;13kinds of monocotyledon, attach to5familys and9Genuses, they ratio of32.2%of medicinal plants of major survey, obviously medicinal plant resources in Changjiang county contained many medicinal plants of survey on Chinese materia medical resources. Among them, there were8kinds of national endangered or protected plants in64kinds of medicinal plants in major survey. Thus, Changjiang county had rich resources of medicinal,also it had a very large protect value and utilization prospect.(2) We analysised the niche breadths of medicinal plants and rare and endangered medicinal plants in different regions of Changjiang county, the results showed that if a species has more widely distribution ranges, higher appeared frequences, and more number of individuals, it will has stronger ecological adaptability and larger niche breadth; also more uniform distribution of the species, it will has larger niche breadth. (3)Analysis the level structure, static life table, survival curve of part endangered medicinal plants in Changjiang county, determining the number of the population characteristics. The Level structure reveals Dimocarpus longan population is growth model, Aquilaria sinensis population is growth model, Litchi chinensis population is stable model, Dracaena cambodiana population is degeneration model. The survival curve reveals Dimocarpus longan population belonged to Deevey Ⅲ, Aquilaria sinensis population belonged to Deevey Ⅲ and Deevey I, Litchi chinensis population belonged to Deevey II, Dracaena cambodiana belonged to Deevey I; combining with the analysis of the static life table, Dimocarpus longan population belonged to growth model, Aquilaria sinensis population is emptiness growth model(because the tree cut off to extracts agarwood), Litchi chinensis population is stable model, Dracaena cambodiana population is degeneration model.(4)Analysis the distribution pattern of medicinal plants in different regions and endangered medicinal plants, the same species in different regions have different distribution pattern, the different species in different regions have different aggregation intensity, all the endangered medicinal plants belonged to clumped distribution, in order to maintain and ensure the development of the population. |
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